Rig Veda Sukta 27
Mandala 2Sukta 2717 Mantras

Sukta 27

Sukta 2.27

Rishi

Gṛtsamada (Āṅgirasa) (traditional for Mandala 2; hymn 2.27 addressed to Ādityas)

Devata

Ādityas (Mitra, Varuṇa, Aryaman, Bhaga, Dakṣa, Aṃśa)

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 2.27)

RV 2.27 es un himno en triṣṭubh de Gṛtsamada que invoca a los Ādityas como reyes antiguos que sostienen el orden cósmico (ṛta) y protegen al ser humano que camina rectamente. Ofrece alabanza «como mantequilla clarificada (ghee)» y pide a las deidades —en especial Mitra, Varuṇa, Aryaman, Bhaga, Dakṣa y Aṃśa— guía, firmeza moral, prosperidad y un sendero sin tacha. El himno culmina en una plegaria personal a Varuṇa: no caer del favor divino y pronunciar con fuerza lo «Vasto/Grande» (bṛhat) en la asamblea.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.27

Mantras

Mantra 1

इमा गिर आदित्येभ्यो घृतस्नूः सनाद्राजभ्यो जुह्वा जुहोमि । शृणोतु मित्रो अर्यमा भगो नस्तुविजातो वरुणो दक्षो अंशः ॥

Estas palabras, que rezuman ghee, las derramo con el cucharón de la ofrenda para los Āditya, los reyes antiguos. Que nos oiga Mitra, y Aryaman, y Bhaga; que nos oiga Varuṇa, de poderoso nacimiento, y también Dakṣa y Aṃśa.

Mantra 2

इमं स्तोमं सक्रतवो मे अद्य मित्रो अर्यमा वरुणो जुषन्त । आदित्यासः शुचयो धारपूता अवृजिना अनवद्या अरिष्टाः ॥

Que hoy acepten este himno mío Mitra, Aryaman y Varuṇa, firmes en su voluntad. Los Āditya son puros, purificados en la corriente; sin torcedura, sin reproche, indemnes: que se complazcan en nuestra ofrenda de palabra.

Mantra 3

त आदित्यास उरवो गभीरा अदब्धासो दिप्सन्तो भूर्यक्षाः । अन्तः पश्यन्ति वृजिनोत साधु सर्वं राजभ्यः परमा चिदन्ति ॥

Esos Ādityas son vastos y profundos, imposibles de engañar, deseosos de guardar, de muchos ojos. Desde dentro ven lo torcido y lo recto — el todo; y aun lo supremo alcanzan, reyes que conocen la verdad interior de las cosas.

Mantra 4

धारयन्त आदित्यासो जगत्स्था देवा विश्वस्य भुवनस्य गोपाः । दीर्घाधियो रक्षमाणा असुर्यमृतावानश्चयमाना ऋणानि ॥

Los Ādityas sostienen el mundo en movimiento; dioses, guardianes de todo plano del devenir. Con pensamiento de largo alcance, protegiendo la fuerza asúrica, ellos, poseedores del ṛta, reúnen y enderezan las deudas, devolviendo el equilibrio donde hubo desorden.

Mantra 5

विद्यामादित्या अवसो वो अस्य यदर्यमन्भय आ चिन्मयोभु । युष्माकं मित्रावरुणा प्रणीतौ परि श्वभ्रेव दुरितानि वृज्याम् ॥

Que conozcamos, oh Ādityas, esa ayuda salvadora vuestra — oh Aryaman, aun cuando el miedo nos sobrevenga—, vuestro poder que se vuelve gozo. Guiados por vosotros, oh Mitra y Varuṇa, que arrojemos por doquier las desgracias, como se las arroja a un hoyo.

Mantra 6

सुगो हि वो अर्यमन्मित्र पन्था अनृक्षरो वरुण साधुरस्ति । तेनादित्या अधि वोचता नो यच्छता नो दुष्परिहन्तु शर्म ॥

Pues bueno es vuestro camino, oh Aryaman y Mitra; oh Varuṇa, es firme, no falla, es recto. Por ese camino, oh Ādityas, hablad sobre nosotros y regidnos; concedednos el amparo que ahuyenta toda dura acometida.

Mantra 7

पिपर्तु नो अदिती राजपुत्राति द्वेषांस्यर्यमा सुगेभिः । बृहन्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य शर्मोप स्याम पुरुवीरा अरिष्टाः ॥

Que Aditi, de estirpe real, Madre de la amplitud, nos colme y nos nutra, y nos haga pasar más allá de todos los odios; que Aryaman nos guíe por buenos caminos. Que nos acerquemos al vasto amparo de Mitra y Varuṇa, muchos en energías heroicas e indemnes.

Mantra 8

तिस्रो भूमीर्धारयन्त्रीँरुत द्यून्त्रीणि व्रता विदथे अन्तरेषाम् । ऋतेनादित्या महि वो महित्वं तदर्यमन्वरुण मित्र चारु ॥

Sostenéis las tres tierras, y también los tres cielos luminosos; en vuestra asamblea están fijadas vuestras leyes-votos triples. Por ṛta, oh Ādityas, grande es vuestra grandeza: ésta es vuestra hermosa obra, oh Aryaman, Varuṇa, Mitra.

Mantra 9

त्री रोचना दिव्या धारयन्त हिरण्ययाः शुचयो धारपूताः । अस्वप्नजो अनिमिषा अदब्धा उरुशंसा ऋजवे मर्त्याय ॥

Ellos sostienen los tres ámbitos luminosos divinos — dorados, puros, purificados en su fluir. No nacidos del sueño, sin parpadear, infalibles, amplios en beneficencia, para el mortal de recto camino son un vasto campo de alabanza y auxilio.

Mantra 10

त्वं विश्वेषां वरुणासि राजा ये च देवा असुर ये च मर्ताः । शतं नो रास्व शरदो विचक्षेऽश्यामायूंषि सुधितानि पूर्वा ॥

Tú, oh Varuṇa, eres rey de todos: de los dioses, los Asura, y de los mortales. Concédenos cien otoños, oh de amplia visión; que alcancemos las duraciones de vida bien asentadas, puestas de antemano ante nosotros.

Mantra 11

न दक्षिणा वि चिकिते न सव्या न प्राचीनमादित्या नोत पश्चा । पाक्या चिद्वसवो धीर्या चिद्युष्मानीतो अभयं ज्योतिरश्याम् ॥

No se distingue ni la derecha ni la izquierda; ni el oriente, oh Ādityas, ni el occidente. Aun con mente infantil, aun con mente sabia — guiado por vosotros, oh Vasus, que yo alcance la Luz sin temor.

Mantra 12

यो राजभ्य ऋतनिभ्यो ददाश यं वर्धयन्ति पुष्टयश्च नित्याः । स रेवान्याति प्रथमो रथेन वसुदावा विदथेषु प्रशस्तः ॥

Quien da a los regios sostenedores del ṛta, a quien acrecientan prosperidades constantes, — avanza primero en el carro, rico en plenitud luminosa, dador de bienes, alabado en las asambleas.

Mantra 13

शुचिरपः सूयवसा अदब्ध उप क्षेति वृद्धवयाः सुवीरः । नकिष्टं घ्नन्त्यन्तितो न दूराद्य आदित्यानां भवति प्रणीतौ ॥

Puro en sus aguas, rico en recto sustento, indemne — mora cerca, maduro en su crecimiento, lleno de fuerza heroica. Nadie lo hiere, ni de cerca ni de lejos, a quien llega a estar bajo la guía de los Ādityas.

Mantra 14

अदिते मित्र वरुणोत मृळ यद्वो वयं चकृमा कच्चिदागः । उर्वश्यामभयं ज्योतिरिन्द्र मा नो दीर्घा अभि नशन्तमिस्राः ॥

Oh Aditi, Mitra, Varuṇa: sed benignos, si hemos cometido alguna falta contra vosotros. Que nos ensanchemos en la Luz sin temor, oh Indra; que no nos opriman largas tinieblas hasta destruirnos.

Mantra 15

उभे अस्मै पीपयतः समीची दिवो वृष्टिं सुभगो नाम पुष्यन् । उभा क्षयावाजयन्याति पृत्सूभावर्धौ भवतः साधू अस्मै ॥

Que las dos (potencias) lo nutran en recta reciprocidad, haciendo crecer la lluvia del cielo; «Su-bhaga» (Buena Fortuna) de nombre aumenta. Ganando ambas moradas, va al premio en las batallas; que ambas mitades le sean eficaces y consumadas.

Mantra 16

या वो माया अभिद्रुहे यजत्राः पाशा आदित्या रिपवे विचृत्ताः । अश्वीव ताँ अति येषं रथेनारिष्टा उरावा शर्मन्त्स्याम ॥

Esas māyā (potencias de amparo) vuestras, oh Ādityas dignos del sacrificio—esos lazos vuestros, cortados para el hostil—por ellas pasemos más allá, como caballos veloces con el carro. Sin daño, en el amplio refugio, quedemos asentados en paz.

Mantra 17

माहं मघोनो वरुण प्रियस्य भूरिदाव्न आ विदं शूनमापेः । मा रायो राजन्त्सुयमादव स्थां बृहद्वदेम विदथे सुवीराः ॥

Oh Varuṇa, que no caiga yo de la amada gracia del Dador generoso; que alcance la amplia dicha que viene de las Aguas (Āpaḥ). Oh Rey, que no se deslice la plenitud de la riqueza lejos de la buena guía de tu Ley. Que pronunciemos lo Vasto (Bṛhat) en la asamblea, nosotros de buenos héroes.

Inside Sukta 27

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The poet offers ‘ghee-dripping’ words to the Ādityas, inviting Mitra, Varuṇa, Aryaman, Bhaga, Dakṣa, and Aṃśa to listen.

  2. Development

    The hymn expands their majesty: the Ādityas uphold the luminous realms, remain unblinking and undefiled, and favor the straight-going mortal with broad help and lawful prosperity.

  3. Climax

    A concentrated vision of their cosmic vigilance and sustaining power—pure, golden, steadfast guardians of the three rocanā—linking cosmic order to human rectitude.

  4. Where it settles

    A personal closing prayer to Varuṇa: not to fall from beloved grace, to gain wide happiness through the Waters’ clarity, and to speak the Vast (bṛhat) with heroic inner strength in the assembly.

The deity: Ādityas

  • In the VedaThe Ādityas are portrayed as luminous, pure, vigilant sovereign powers—“ancient kings”—who uphold the three shining realms and guard truth, oaths, and right conduct. They are unblinking and unfailing, bestowing wide protection and orderly prosperity on the upright mortal.
  • Cosmic functionSustainers of ṛta (cosmic and moral order): regulating the heavens and the luminous spaces, maintaining social contracts, safeguarding the truthful path, and distributing lawful prosperity and well-being.
  • Inner significanceThey symbolize the inner law of conscience and clarity: the capacity to see truly (unblinking awareness), to align intention with truth, and to receive prosperity as a fruit of right guidance rather than mere chance.

The seer

  • Gṛtsamada (Āṅgirasa)Āṅgirasa (traditionally associated with the Gṛtsamada family of Mandala 2) · Principal seer of Rig Veda Mandala 2, renowned for hymns that blend ritual precision with ethical-spiritual appeal to ṛta, especially in praises of the Ādityas and Agni.

Famous verses

ghṛtasnūḥ ("dripping with clarified [ghee/light]")
Verse 2.27.1Sets the ritual frame: praise as an oblation, naming the principal Ādityas and establishing them as ancient royal hearers who respond to right speech.Read verse 2.27.1 →
asvapnajo animiṣā adabdhā ("unsleeping, unblinking, unfailing")
Verse 2.27.9A central theological statement: the Ādityas uphold the three luminous realms and are unblinking, unfailing protectors—linking cosmic stability with moral straightness.Read verse 2.27.9 →
bṛhad vadema ("may we speak the Vast")
Verse 2.27.17The climactic personal supplication to Varuṇa for steadfast favor, stable wealth under good guidance, and the power to ‘speak the Vast’ in the assembly.Read verse 2.27.17 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Guardians of ṛta (order, truth)
  • Royal sovereignty and lawful governance
  • Vigilance (animiṣa, “unblinking”)
  • Purity and luminosity (golden, clarified)
  • Protection of the straight path (ṛju)
  • Bestowers of fortune and rightful shares (Bhaga, Aṃśa)
  • Social harmony and covenant (Mitra, Aryaman)
  • Moral restraint and vast guardianship (Varuṇa)
  • Discerning power/skill (Dakṣa)

Also by this seer

  • Most of Rig Veda Mandala 2 (a large set of hymns traditionally ascribed to Gṛtsamada)
  • Notable Agni hymns in Mandala 2 that establish the sacrificial fire as priest and messenger
  • Hymns to Indra and allied deities emphasizing protection, right order, and victorious strength

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the altar and kindle Agni; establish mental and verbal purity (śuci).
  • Recite the opening verses as an āvāhana (invocation), addressing the Ādityas as ancient kings and hearers of praise.
  • Offer ghee into the fire while chanting, treating the hymn itself as an oblation of clarified speech (ghṛtasnū).
  • State petitions: protection for the upright, guidance in conduct, and removal of fault and misfortune.
  • Conclude with a Varuṇa-focused prayer for steadfast grace, wealth that does not slip away from right guidance, and strength to speak in the assembly.

Offerings

  • Ghṛta (clarified butter) into Agni
  • Soma (where applicable, in soma rites)
  • Respectful recitation (vāc) as a primary ‘offering’ of praise

Frequently Asked Questions

They are a group of divine powers linked with truth and order (ṛta), especially Mitra, Varuṇa, Aryaman, Bhaga, Dakṣa, and Aṃśa. The hymn treats them as ancient royal protectors who keep the world and society in right balance.

It asks for protection and steady guidance on a straight, truthful path, along with lawful prosperity and well-being. The closing prayer focuses on Varuṇa’s favor so that spiritual wealth does not ‘slip away’ from good discipline.

It means the Ādityas are always vigilant—nothing escapes their awareness, and their protection does not fail. In simple terms, the hymn says that truth and moral law are continuously watched over, supporting those who live honestly.

Ask anything about Sukta 27 of the Rig Veda

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