Rig Veda Sukta 3
Mandala 7Sukta 310 Mantras

Sukta 3

Sukta 7.3

Rishi

Vasiṣṭha

Chandas

Triṣṭubh

In diesem Hymnus ruft Vasiṣṭha Agni als den würdigsten Boten (dūta) und als priesterliche Macht an, fest unter den Sterblichen gegründet und doch Träger des ṛta, der Wahrheits- und Weltordnung. Agni wird in seinem strahlenden, sonnen- und donnergleichen Glanz gepriesen und gebeten, Gedeihen zu entfachen, klare Einsicht (su-cetas/kratu) und dauerhaftes Wohlergehen für die Sänger und ihre Gemeinschaft zu verleihen.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.3

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • Agni

    Agni is the yajiṣṭha (most worship-worthy) fire and the dūta (messenger) who carries offerings, purifies with luminous heat, and manifests with a radiant face like gold, with force like thunder and brilliance like the sun.

Mantras

Mantra 1

अग्निं वो देवमग्निभिः सजोषा यजिष्ठं दूतमध्वरे कृणुध्वम् । यो मर्त्येषु निध्रुविॠतावा तपुर्मूर्धा घृतान्नः पावकः ॥

Macht euch Agni, den Gott, im Einklang mit den göttlichen Feuern, zum höchstverehrten Boten im Opfer (adhvara): ihn, der unter den Sterblichen fest gegründet ist, den Träger der ṛta (Wahrheitsordnung), mit einem Haupt voll brennender Kraft, genährt von ghṛta — den Läuterer, den Pāvaka.

Mantra 2

प्रोथदश्वो न यवसेऽविष्यन्यदा महः संवरणाद्व्यस्थात् । आदस्य वातो अनु वाति शोचिरध स्म ते व्रजनं कृष्णमस्ति ॥

Er drängt hervor wie ein Ross, das nach Futter sucht, wenn er aus der großen Umhegung hervorgetreten ist. Dann folgt der Wind seiner Flamme; und so wird wahrlich deine Spur des Ganges geschwärzt: wo das Feuer hinging, ist die Finsternis als Zeichen des Durchgangs eingebrannt.

Mantra 3

उद्यस्य ते नवजातस्य वृष्णोऽग्ने चरन्त्यजरा इधानाः । अच्छा द्यामरुषो धूम एति सं दूतो अग्न ईयसे हि देवान् ॥

Wenn du neu geboren wirst, o Agni, starker Stier, dann wandern und breiten sich deine unvergänglichen Entfachungen aus. Dein rötlicher Rauch steigt zum Himmel empor; als Bote gehst du wahrlich zu den Göttern, Agni, die Welten verbindend.

Mantra 4

वि यस्य ते पृथिव्यां पाजो अश्रेत्तृषु यदन्ना समवृक्त जम्भैः । सेनेव सृष्टा प्रसितिष्ट एति यवं न दस्म जुह्वा विवेक्षि ॥

Deine Macht ist über die Erde ausgebreitet, wenn du mit deinen Kiefern die Speisen in den dürstigen Stätten freigeräumt hast. Dein Vorwärtsdrang geht wie ein entlassenes Heer; o Wunderbarer, mit der Opferzunge sonderst du das Korn aus, unterscheidend, was ins Feuer aufzunehmen ist.

Mantra 5

तमिद्दोषा तमुषसि यविष्ठमग्निमत्यं न मर्जयन्त नरः । निशिशाना अतिथिमस्य योनौ दीदाय शोचिराहुतस्य वृष्णः ॥

Ihn bei Nacht, ihn bei der Morgenröte – das jüngste Feuer – polieren die Menschen, wie man ein Ross poliert. Ihn schärfend, den Gast, in seinem eigenen Schoß, lodert die Flamme des Starken, wenn die Opfergabe hineingelegt ist.

Mantra 6

सुसंदृक्ते स्वनीक प्रतीकं वि यद्रुक्मो न रोचस उपाके । दिवो न ते तन्यतुरेति शुष्मश्चित्रो न सूरः प्रति चक्षि भानुम् ॥

Schön anzuschauen ist dein strahlendes Antlitz; nahe zur Hand leuchtest du wie ein goldenes Schmuckstück. Deine Kraft fährt aus wie des Himmels Donner; wie eine wunderbare Sonne blickst du zurück mit deinem Strahl und erhellst, was gesehen werden soll.

Mantra 7

यथा वः स्वाहाग्नये दाशेम परीळाभिर्घृतवद्भिश्च हव्यैः । तेभिर्नो अग्ने अमितैर्महोभिः शतं पूर्भिरायसीभिर्नि पाहि ॥

Damit wir Agni das „svāhā“ darbringen — mit umgreifenden Gebeten und mit ghee-reichen Opfergaben; — durch jene unermesslichen Großtaten, o Feuer, behüte uns: mit hundert eisernen Festen schirme unser Sein.

Mantra 8

या वा ते सन्ति दाशुषे अधृष्टा गिरो वा याभिर्नृवतीरुरुष्याः । ताभिर्नः सूनो सहसो नि पाहि स्मत्सूरीञ्जरितॄञ्जातवेदः ॥

Welche unbezwinglichen Aussprüche du auch für den Spender hast — jene Sprachkräfte, durch die du die mannhaften Kräfte weitest und schützt — mit ihnen behüte uns, o Sohn der Stärke; halte von uns die feindlichen Führer und die Sänger fern, o Jātavedas.

Mantra 9

निर्यत्पूतेव स्वधितिः शुचिर्गात्स्वया कृपा तन्वा रोचमानः । आ यो मात्रोरुशेन्यो जनिष्ट देवयज्याय सुक्रतुः पावकः ॥

Wenn er hervortritt — rein wie ein geläutertes Beil —, licht, leuchtend durch seinen eigenen, von ihm geformten Leib; er, der Begehrenswerte, aus den zwei Müttern geboren, kommt zum Götteropfer: Pāvaka, klarflammend, von gutem Willen und rechtem Wirken.

Mantra 10

एता नो अग्ने सौभगा दिदीह्यपि क्रतुं सुचेतसं वतेम । विश्वा स्तोतृभ्यो गृणते च सन्तु यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः ॥

Diese Glücksgaben, o Agni, lass für uns aufleuchten; und mögen wir den Willen erreichen, der im Verstehen lichtvoll ist. Alles Gute sei den Lobpreisenden und den Singenden; ihr aber behütet uns allezeit mit euren svásti, den Heilszuständen.

Inside Sukta 3

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    Agni is established as the unanimous choice of the rite—most worshipful messenger, firmly set among mortals, bearer of ṛta and purifier.

  2. Development

    Praise expands from Agni’s ritual role to his visible epiphany: golden radiance, near-at-hand brilliance, and a power that moves like thunder while illuminating like the sun.

  3. Climax

    Agni’s luminous manifestation becomes a revelation of divine force that both purifies and makes truth-visible—linking cosmic power with the sacrificer’s right understanding.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn closes with a direct petition: may Agni blaze forth prosperity and grant clear-minded kratu; may all good accrue to the praisers, and may Agni guard them always with svasti.

The deity: Agni

  • Cosmic functionMediator between humans and gods; transformer of offerings into divine share; upholder of ṛta through the ordered rite; energizer of life through heat, light, and sacrificial ascent.
  • Inner significanceThe awakened flame of discernment and aspiration—purifying intention, carrying prayer upward, and kindling a clear will (kratu) aligned with truth and harmony (svasti).

The seer

  • VasiṣṭhaVasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra); chief seer of the Vasiṣṭhas · Foremost among the Seven Ṛṣis and a principal poet of Maṇḍala 7; celebrated as a brahman-priestly seer whose hymns articulate ṛta, kingship, and the right ordering of sacrifice.

Famous verses

yajiṣṭhaṃ dūtam adhvare
Verse 7.3.1Programmatic opening: installs Agni as yajiṣṭha dūta in the adhvara and describes him as ṛtāvā, tapuḥ-mūrdhā, and pāvaka—defining the hymn’s ritual and spiritual focus.Read verse 7.3.1 →
सुसंदृक्ते स्वनीक प्रतीकं वि यद्रुक्मो न रोचस उपाके । दिवो न ते तन्यतुरेति शुष्मश्चित्रो न सूरः प्रति चक्षि भानुम् ॥
Verse 7.3.6Iconic theophany: Agni’s face shines like gold; his force goes forth like thunder and he illumines like a wondrous sun—capturing Agni’s solar-thunderous aspect.Read verse 7.3.6 →
yūyaṃ pāta svastibhiḥ sadā naḥ
Verse 7.3.10Concluding benediction: requests saubhāgya and a lucid, well-guided kratu, extending blessings to all singers and asking continual protection through svasti.Read verse 7.3.10 →

Attributes of the deity

  • dūta (messenger)
  • pāvaka (purifier)
  • ṛtāvā (aligned with ṛta)
  • tapuḥ-mūrdhā (burning/ardent-headed)
  • ghṛtānna (fed with ghee, luminous essence)
  • radiant, golden-faced presence
  • thunder-like force and sun-like illumination

Also by this seer

  • Large portions of Rig Veda Maṇḍala 7 (many sūktas attributed to the Vasiṣṭha family)
  • Vasiṣṭha-associated traditions in later Vedic-Itihāsa lore, including priestly roles and teachings on dharma (as developed in later texts)

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare and clean the altar/vedi; establish the sacred space and intention.
  • Kindle Agni (ādhāna/āhavana lighting) and seat him as hotṛ/dūta with recitation.
  • Offer ghṛta (ghee) and kindling while praising Agni’s ṛta-bearing, purifying nature.
  • Invite Agni to carry the offering to the gods and to illumine the sacrificer’s kratu (will/intelligence).
  • Conclude with blessings for saubhāgya (felicity), svasti (well-being), and protection of the singers/community.

Offerings

  • Ghṛta (ghee)
  • Samidh (kindling sticks)
  • Havis (simple oblations such as grains/milk, as appropriate to the rite)

Frequently Asked Questions

Agni is praised—the sacred Fire who serves as the messenger between humans and the gods and purifies the sacrifice.

The hymn asks Agni to blaze forth prosperity (saubhāgya), grant a clear and luminous will/intelligence (kratu), and protect the community with lasting well-being (svasti).

These images describe Agni’s visible and cosmic power: golden radiance (beauty and purity), thunder-like force (divine energy), and sun-like illumination (making truth and right action seen).

Ask anything about Sukta 3 of the Rig Veda

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