Katha Upanishad: Verse 1.1.12

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स्वर्गे लोके न भयं किञ्चनास्ति न तत्र त्वां न जरया बिभेति। उभे तीर्त्वाशनायापिपासे शोकातिगो मोदते स्वर्गलोके ॥१२॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

स्वर्गे लोके न भयं किञ्चन अस्ति न तत्र त्वां न जरया बिभेति। उभे तीर्त्वा अशनाया अपिपासे शोक-अतिगो मोदते स्वर्ग-लोके ॥

Recitation with translationKatha Upanishad 1.1.12

IAST Transliteration

svarge loke na bhayaṃ kiñcanāsti na tatra tvaṃ na jarayā bibheti | ubhe tīrtvāśanāyāpipāse śokātigo modate svargaloke ||

Translation

في العالم السماوي لا خوف البتة، ولا يخاف المرء هناك من الشيخوخة. بعد تجاوز الجوع والعطش معاً، وتجاوز الحزن، يبتهج المرء في العالم السماوي.

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Academic Translation

In the heavenly world there is no fear whatsoever; there one is not afraid of old age. Having crossed beyond both hunger and thirst, transcending sorrow, one rejoices in the heavenly world.

Word by Word

• svarge: In heaven, in the heavenly world
• Type: Noun
• Root: svarga
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• loke: In the world
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• na: Not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na
• Form: Negative particle

• bhayam: Fear
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• kiñcana: Anything, whatsoever
• Type: Indefinite Pronoun
• Root: kim-cana
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• asti: Is, exists
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (to be)
• Form: Present (Laṭ), Active, 3rd Person, Singular

• na: Not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na
• Form: Negative particle

• tatra: There, in that place
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra
• Form: Indeclinable adverb

• tvām: You (accusative)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: tvad
• Form: Accusative, Singular

• na: Not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na
• Form: Negative particle

• jarayā: By old age
• Type: Noun
• Root: jarā
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• bibheti: Fears, is afraid
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhī (to fear)
• Form: Present (Laṭ), Active, 3rd Person, Singular

• ubhe: Both
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: ubha
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Dual

• tīrtvā: Having crossed, having transcended
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tṝ (to cross over)
• Form: Gerund (Ktvā)

• aśanāyā: Hunger
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśanāyā (hunger)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Dual

• pipāse: Thirst
• Type: Noun
• Root: pipāsā (thirst)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Dual

• śoka-atigaḥ: Beyond sorrow, having transcended grief
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka + atiga
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• modate: Rejoices, delights
• Type: Verb
• Root: √mud (to rejoice)
• Form: Present (Laṭ), Middle, 3rd Person, Singular

• svarga-loke: In the heavenly world
• Type: Noun
• Root: svarga + loka
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Sandhi Notes

• kiñcanāsti → kiñcana + asti (sandhi of a + a = ā)
• tvaṃ → tvām (anunasika before na)
• tīrtvāśanāyāpipāse → tīrtvā + aśanāyā + pipāse (vowel sandhi)
• śokātigo → śoka-atigaḥ (visarga before voiced consonant)

Verse Context

• Svarga (Heavenly Realm) and Vimoksha (Liberation from Suffering)
• Mahavakya: Not directly related to the four Mahavakyas; this verse describes the relative freedom of Svarga rather than absolute liberation (Moksha)
• Krishna Yajur Veda
• Taittiriya Shakha
• Chandas: Anushtup