Rig Veda 8.73.17: Mandala 8, Sukta 73, Mantra 17
Sukta 8.73
Rishi: Atri (probable, as the hymn repeatedly references Atraye; traditional attribution to Atri or Atris in Aśvin hymns)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable: short refrain-like structure; exact meter requires full hymn scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अश्विना सु विचाकशद्वृक्षं परशुमाँ इव । अन्ति षद्भूतु वामवः ॥
Transliteration
aśvinā sú vicā́kaśad vṛkṣáṃ paraśumā́m iva | ánti ṣádbhūtu vāmávaḥ ||
Translation
يا أَشْفِنَينِ، لِيَتَجَلَّ ذلكَ واضحًا مُشِعًّا—كشجرةٍ يُظهِرُها حاملُ الفأس؛ فلتكن معونتُكما قريبةً وحاضرةً حقًّا.
Word by Word
अश्विनाO Aśvins (the twin horsemen)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (dual vocative, divine name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक) / अश्व (PIE *h₁éḱwos ‘horse’)
सुwell, thoroughly
सु:
(क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/निपात)
विचाकशत्shone forth / became clearly visible
विचाकशत्:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कश्/कास् (दीप्तौ/प्रकाशने) + वि- (उपसर्ग); ‘विचाकश’ (प्रातिपदिक ‘bright, clear-seeing’) → क्रियापद-रूप
वृक्षम्a tree
वृक्षम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
परशुमान्one bearing an axe
परशुमान्:
कर्ता (उपमान-कर्ता, ‘like one who has an axe’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपरशु-मत् (प्रातिपदिक; -मत् ‘possessing’)
इवlike, as
इव:
उपमान-निर्देशक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अन्तिnear, close by
अन्ति:
अधिकरण (स्थान/सामीप्य)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootअन्ति
सत्sit!
सत्:
क्रिया (आज्ञार्थ)
TypeVerb
Root√सद् (उपवेशने/आसने)
भूतुlet it be / may it become
भूतु:
क्रिया (विध्यर्थ/आशीर्लिङ्ग-सदृश आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (सत्तायाम्/भवने)
वाम्to you two / of you two
वाम्:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (context-dependent)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अवःhelp, aid, favor
अवः:
कर्ता (with भूतु: ‘let (your) help be…’)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘help, favor, protection’)
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