Rig Veda 8.45.38: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 38
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एवारे वृषभा सुतेऽसिन्वन्भूर्यावयः । श्वघ्नीव निवता चरन् ॥
Transliteration
evā́re vṛṣabha suté 'sinvan bhū́ry āvayaḥ | śvaghnī́va ni-vátā́ cáran ||
Translation
هكذا، أيّها الثورُ ذو القوّة، في سوما المعصور تمضي، واهبًا عونًا غزيرًا؛ وكقاتلِ الكلاب تجوبُ المواضعَ المنخفضة، تقتنصُ العدوَّ الكامنَ وتُهلكه.
Word by Word
एवjust, indeed
एव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
आtowards, unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
अरेO! (vocative particle)
अरे:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअरे (सम्बोधन-निपात)
वृषभाthe bull (strong one)
वृषभा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
सुतेin the pressed (Soma)
सुते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसुत (√सु/सू ‘to press, to extract’ → ‘pressed’)
असिthou art
असि:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू-धातु ‘to be’)
इन्वन्impelling, urging on
इन्वन्:
Kartā (सह-विशेषण)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√इन्/इन्व् (वेद. ‘to set in motion, to impel, to strengthen’)
भूरिmuch, abundant
भूरि:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootभूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
आवयःhelps, benefits
आवयः:
Kartā/कर्म (सन्दर्भानुसार ‘many aids/benefits’)
TypeNoun
Rootआवय (प्रातिपदिक; वेद. ‘help, refreshment, aid/benefit’)
श्वघ्नी(like) a dog-slayer
श्वघ्नी:
Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृ)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootश्वघ्नी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘dog-slaying’, epithet)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
निवताwith a downward course; downward
निवता:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootनिवत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘downward, low, depressed’)
चरन्moving, roaming
चरन्:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√चर् (to move, to go)
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