Rig Veda 8.4.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 20
Sukta 8.4
Rishi: Kaṇva lineage (self-referential: kāṇvasya; ṛṣiḥ as speaker)
Devata: Implicit—focus on the seer’s inspired action and the emergence of the cows (light); compatible with Pūṣan/solar guidance context
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
धीभिः सातानि काण्वस्य वाजिनः प्रियमेधैरभिद्युभिः । षष्टिं सहस्रानु निर्मजामजे निर्यूथानि गवामृषिः ॥
Transliteration
dhībhíḥ sātā́ni kāṇvásya vājínaḥ priyá-medhair abhídyu-bhiḥ | ṣaṣṭíṃ sahásrā́nu nír-majāmaje nír yūthā́ni gávām ṛ́ṣiḥ ||
Translation
بالبصائر الملهمة، وبمغانم كاṇڤا، وبأولئك الأقوياء—بقدراتٍ محبوبةِ النية، قاهرةٍ للسماء—نستخرج على التتابع ستين ألفًا؛ والـṛṣi يُظهر قطعانَ الأشعة (gāvaḥ) من مكمنها.
Word by Word
धीभिःwith thoughts / with hymns (instruments of praise)
धीभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक) < धा/धी ‘बुद्धि, धारण-शक्ति’
सातानिhundreds
सातानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun (numeral)
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक) ‘hundred’
काण्वस्यof Kāṇva
काण्वस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun (patronymic/tribal name)
Rootकाण्व (प्रातिपदिक) ‘of the Kāṇva (lineage/poet)’
वाजिनःof the prize-winning one / of the steed
वाजिनः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘prize-winner; steed; vigorous one’
प्रियमेधैःwith the Priyamedhas (poets)
प्रियमेधैः:
करण
TypeNoun (proper/collective)
Rootप्रियमेध (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Priyamedha (name of seers/poets)’
अभिद्युभिःwith assailants / with overpowering (helpers)
अभिद्युभिः:
करण
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअभिद्यु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘assailing/overpowering; attacking’
षष्टिम्sixty
षष्टिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (numeral)
Rootषष्टि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sixty’
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun (numeral)
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘thousand’
अनुalong; after; in succession
अनु:
उपसर्ग/क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
निर्मजामहेwe cleanse/purify (lit. we wash out)
निर्मजामहे:
क्रिया (कर्तृ-व्यापार) / कर्ता: ‘वयम्’
TypeVerb
Rootमज् (धातु) ‘to plunge, immerse, bathe’ + उपसर्ग: निर्
निर्यूथानिthe herds (in droves)
निर्यूथानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्यूथ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘herd, drove (esp. of cattle)’
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) ‘cow’
ऋषिःthe seer
ऋषिः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘seer’
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