Rig Veda 8.34.17: Mandala 8, Sukta 34, Mantra 17
Sukta 8.34
Rishi: Kāṇva lineage (explicitly referenced: ‘kaṇvasya’)
Devata: Implicitly the luminous steeds/powers (often associated with Aśvins/solar energies) within an Indra/Aśvinic movement of swift arrival
Chandas: likely Gāyatrī/Anuṣṭubh-like refrain structure; exact meter not provided in input
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
य ऋज्रा वातरंहसोऽरुषासो रघुष्यदः । भ्राजन्ते सूर्या इव ॥
Transliteration
yá ṛjrā́ vā́ta-raṃhaso 'ruṣā́so raghu-syádaḥ | bhrā́jante sū́ryā iva ||
Translation
أولئك القوى المشرقة—السائرة في استقامة، السريعة كالرّيح، المحمرّة بطاقة الفجر، المندفعة إلى الأمام—تتألّق كالشّموس: قوى الإضاءة التي تُبصر الطريق الباطن.
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika ‘ya-’)
ऋज्राःbright/straight (ones)
ऋज्राः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootऋज्र (prātipadika) < PIE *h₁reǵ-?; Vedic adj. ‘straight/bright’
वातरंहसःwind-swift, swift as the wind
वातरंहसः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootवात-रंहस् (समासः: वात ‘wind’ + रंहस् ‘speed, swiftness’)
अरुषासःruddy, tawny, shining
अरुषासः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootअरुष (prātipadika) ‘ruddy, tawny, shining’
रघुष्यदःswift-rushing, quickly streaming
रघुष्यदः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (present-participial formation used adjectivally)
Rootरघु-स्यद् (समासः: रघु ‘swift’ + √स्यन्द्/स्यद् ‘to flow, rush’)
भ्राजन्तेthey shine
भ्राजन्ते:
(क्रिया) कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः: ये… (कर्तारः)
TypeVerb
Root√भ्राज् (दीप्तौ)
सूर्याः(like) suns
सूर्याः:
उपमान (इव-योगे)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (prātipadika)
इवlike, as
इव:
उपमान-प्रदर्शक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (avyaya)
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