Rig Veda 8.21.18: Mandala 8, Sukta 21, Mantra 18
Sukta 8.21
Devata: Sarasvatī (with Parjanya as simile); possibly Indra/royal power implied
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
चित्र इद्राजा राजका इदन्यके यके सरस्वतीमनु । पर्जन्य इव ततनद्धि वृष्ट्या सहस्रमयुता ददत् ॥
Transliteration
citró id rājā́ rājakā́ id anyaké yaké sárasvatīm ánu | parjányā iva tátanad dhí vṛṣṭyā́ sahásram ayútā dádāt ||
Translation
عجيبٌ حقًّا هو الملك، وعجيبٌ أيضًا الملوكُ الأدنى—أولئك الآخرون الذين يتبعون سَرَسْوَتِي. فمثلَ بَرْجَنْيَا قد بسطَ نفسَه بالمطر؛ يمنحُ الألفَ والعشرةَ آلاف: فيوضاتٍ فائضة.
Word by Word
चित्रःbright, splendid
चित्रः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण कर्तृपदस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *ḱei-? (variegated/bright) (lexical)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
राजाking
राजा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
राजकःa kinglet / petty king (royal one)
राजकः:
Kartā (समनाधिकरण/उपपद-विशेषणभावः ‘राजा’ इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootराजक (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
अन्यकेin/among another (one), elsewhere
अन्यके:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्यक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अन्य’ + क)
यकेin the Yaka (place/people-name)
यके:
Adhikaraṇa (स्थानवाचक)
TypeNoun
Rootयक (प्रातिपदिक/स्थानीय-शब्द; वेदिक-रूप)
सरस्वतीम्Sarasvatī (river/goddess)
सरस्वतीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
अनुalong, following
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पर्जन्यःParjanya (rain-god)
पर्जन्यः:
Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्जन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
ततनत्stretched/spread (out)
ततनत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootतन् (धातु)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
वृष्ट्याwith rain, by rainfall
वृष्ट्या:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष्
सहस्रम्a thousand
सहस्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अयुताःten-thousands (myriads)
अयुताः:
Karma (सहस्रम् इत्यस्य संख्याविशेषण/समुच्चय)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअयुत (प्रातिपदिक)
ददत्giving, bestowing
ददत्:
Kriyā (कर्तृ-विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootदा (धातु)
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