Rig Veda 4.38.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 38, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.38
Rishi: Dadhikrāvan (hymnic subject) / Maṇḍala 4 collection
Devata: Dadhikrā (swift victor, community-advancing power)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उत स्मास्य पनयन्ति जना जूतिं कृष्टिप्रो अभिभूतिमाशोः । उतैनमाहुः समिथे वियन्तः परा दधिक्रा असरत्सहस्रैः ॥
Transliteration
utá smā́sya panayanti jánā jūtíṃ kṛṣṭipró abhíbhūtim āśóḥ | utáinaṃ āhuḥ samíthe víyantaḥ parā́ dadhikrā́ ásarat sahásraiḥ ||
Translation
ويُشيدُ الناسُ باندفاعِه—بغلبةِ السريعِ القاهرة التي تدفعُ الجماعاتِ إلى الأمام. ويقولون عنه، وهو يجولُ في ساحةِ القتال: «إن دَذِكْرَا (Dadhikrā) قد اندفعَ متجاوزًا بالآلاف».
Word by Word
उतand, also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
स्मindeed, just
स्म:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
अस्यof him/this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अस्- pronominal stem)
पनयन्तिthey admire/praise
पनयन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootपन्/पण् (पनयति)
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
जूतिम्speed, swiftness
जूतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootजूति (प्रातिपदिक)
कृष्टिप्रःforwarding/leading the peoples (tribes)
कृष्टिप्रः:
विशेषण (of implied subject: दधिक्राः/आशुः)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्टि + प्र (समास; प्र- as agentive/possessive element)
अभिभूतिम्overpowering might, conquest
अभिभूतिम्:
कर्म (with panayanti/āhuḥ: object of acclaim)
TypeNoun
Rootअभि-भूति (प्रातिपदिक)
आशोःof the swift one
आशोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootआशु (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
एनम्him
एनम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्/इदम् (enad-pronoun)
आहुःthey call/say
आहुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (ब्रू-अर्थे; आह)
समिथेin the battle
समिथे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमिथ (प्रातिपदिक)
वियन्तःstriving, contending
वियन्तः:
कर्तृ (of āhuḥ)
TypeParticiple
Rootवि-यत् (यत् ‘to strive/contend’, with वि-; present participle)
पराforth, away
परा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरा
दधिक्राःDadhikrā (the swift steed/deity)
दधिक्राः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootदधि-क्रा (proper name; prātipadika)
असरत्sped, ran
असरत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootसृ (सरति)
सहस्रैःwith thousands (i.e., by thousands)
सहस्रैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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