Rig Veda 4.37.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 37, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.37
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Rbhus as Indra-related powers ('sons of Indra’s might')
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पीवोअश्वाः शुचद्रथा हि भूतायःशिप्रा वाजिनः सुनिष्काः । इन्द्रस्य सूनो शवसो नपातोऽनु वश्चेत्यग्रियं मदाय ॥
Transliteration
pī́vo’aśvāḥ śucádrathā hí bhūtā́yaḥśiprā vājinaḥ suniṣkā́ḥ | índrasya sū́no śávasaḥ napā́to’ánu vaś cety agriyáṃ madā́ya ||
Translation
قد صرتم ذوي خيلٍ وافرة، ذوي مركباتٍ لامعة—ذوي فكٍّ من حديد، أشدّاء، حَمَلةَ الجائزةِ الحسنى. يا أبناءَ بأسِ إندرا، يا ذريةَ القوّة، لِتَسِرْ نشوةُ الصدارةِ في أثركم، لِسُكرِ العمل.
Word by Word
पीवःfat/strong
पीवः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootपीवस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < PIEH₂-?; ‘fat, strong’
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व-
शुचद्रथाःwith shining chariots
शुचद्रथाः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचद्- + रथ- (समास: कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि ‘having shining chariots’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
सम्बन्ध/हेतु-सूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भूतायःwell-grown/ready, thriving
भूतायः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootभूताय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘become/come-to-be’, ‘prosperous/ready’)
शिप्राःstrong-jawed, with prominent cheeks
शिप्राः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootशिप्रा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cheek/jaw’; RV: ‘with prominent cheeks/jaws’)
वाजिनःprize-winning, swift (steeds)
वाजिनः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन्-
सुनिष्काःwell-adorned with gold (niṣka)
सुनिष्काः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + निष्क- (समास; ‘having good gold-ornaments/neckpieces’)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र-
सूनोO son
सूनो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootसूनु-
शवसःof might/strength
शवसः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootशवस्-
नपातःO descendant/offspring
नपातः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootनपात्-
अनुalong, after
अनु:
क्रिया-विशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
वःfor you / of you
वः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (प्रसङ्गानुसार)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (एन्क्लिटिक सर्वनाम)
चेततिhe notices/attends
चेतति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootचित् (धातु) ‘to perceive, notice, be mindful’
अग्रियम्the foremost (thing/aid)
अग्रियम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअग्रिय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘foremost, leading’)
मदायfor exhilaration/joy (of soma-intoxication)
मदाय:
सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन
TypeNoun
Rootमद-
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