Rig Veda 4.12.6: Mandala 4, Sukta 12, Mantra 6

Sukta 4.12

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni (with Vasus invoked as precedent powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यथा ह त्यद्वसवो गौर्यं चित्पदि षिताममुञ्चता यजत्राः । एवो ष्वस्मन्मुञ्चता व्यंहः प्र तार्यग्ने प्रतरं न आयुः ॥

Transliteration

yáthā ha tyád vasavo gáuryam cit pádi sitā́m ámuñcata yajatrāḥ | evó s(v) asmán muñcatā́ vy àṃháḥ prá tāry agne prataráṃ na ā́yuḥ ||

Translation

كما أنكم قديمًا، يا فاسُو (Vasus) المستحقين للعبادة، أطلقتم حتى «غاوري» (Gaurī) المقيَّدة في الشَّرَك، كذلك أطلقونا الآن من هذا الضيق. قدْنا إلى الأمام، يا أغني، إلى عبورٍ أبعد، إلى تمامِ حياةٍ أظفر.

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Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (avyaya)

• ह: indeed
• ह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (avyaya)

• त्यत्: that (deed/thing)
• त्यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• वसवः: the Vasus (gods)
• वसवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (prātipadika)

• गौर्यम्: the ‘gāurya’ (cow-/bull-like strength; a prize/boon)
• गौर्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौर्य (prātipadika)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (avyaya)

• पदि: in the step/track/place
• पदि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद् (prātipadika)

• षिताम्: sharp (ones)
• षिताम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षित (PPP from √षि/√शि ‘to sharpen’ > ‘sharp’)

• अमुञ्चत: they released
• अमुञ्चत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुच् (मुचँ) ‘to release’

• यजत्राः: O worshipful ones
• यजत्राः: Kartā (apposition to वसवः) / Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजत्र (prātipadika, from √यज्)

• एव: thus, in the same way
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (avyaya)

• उ: indeed
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (avyaya)

• स्मत्: from us
• स्मत्: Apādāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• मुञ्चत: release (you all)
• मुञ्चत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुच् (मुचँ) ‘to release’

• वि: apart, away
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga)

• अंहः: distress, sin, narrowness
• अंहः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंहस् (prātipadika)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• तारि: carry across
• तारि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तॄ (तॄँ) ‘to cross’

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• प्रतरम्: more safely/forward, better
• प्रतरम्: Karma (as goal/result qualifier) / Adverbial
• Type: Adverb/Adjective
• Root: प्रतर (comparative adverbial/adj. from प्र + तर)

• न: as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (avyaya)

• आयुः: life, lifetime
• आयुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (prātipadika)

• नः: our
• नः: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)