Rig Veda 4.1.19: Mandala 4, Sukta 1, Mantra 19
Sukta 4.1
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अच्छा वोचेय शुशुचानमग्निं होतारं विश्वभरसं यजिष्ठम् । शुच्यूधो अतृणन्न गवामन्धो न पूतं परिषिक्तमंशोः ॥
Transliteration
ácchā voceya śuśucā́nam agníṃ hótāraṃ viśvá-bharasaṃ yájiṣṭham | śucy-ū́dho atṛṇan ná gavā́m ándho ná pūtáṃ pári-siktam aṃśóḥ ||
Translation
إليه أودّ أن أنطق: أغني المتّقد الطاهر، الهوتارُ الحاملُ للكلّ، الأجدرُ باليَجْنَة. لقد ملأ الضرعَ اللامعَ كما يملؤه لبنُ الأبقار؛ وكعصيرِ السُّوما المُنقّى، مسكوبًا من كلّ جانب.
Word by Word
अच्छाtowards, unto
अच्छा:
Adhikaraṇa (गत्यर्थ-निर्देशः) / उपसर्गार्थ
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअञ्च् (अञ्चति) / प्रातिपदिक: अच्छā (अव्यय)
वोचेयmay I speak / I would utter
वोचेय:
Kartā (अहं) अप्रकटः
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (वचति)
शुशुचानम्blazing, brightly shining
शुशुचानम्:
Karma (अग्निम् विशेषयति)
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootशुच् (शोचति/शुच्यति) → शुशुचान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निम्Agni (fire-god)
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
होतारम्the Hotṛ-priest, invoker
होतारम्:
Karma (अग्निम् apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to sacrifice’)
विश्वभरसम्all-supporting / bearing all
विश्वभरसम्:
Karma (अग्निम् विशेषयति)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व-भरस् (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व ‘all’ + भरस् ‘bearing/supporting’)
यजिष्ठम्most worthy of worship / best at sacrifice
यजिष्ठम्:
Karma (अग्निम् विशेषयति)
TypeAdjective (superlative)
Rootयजिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; यज्य ‘to worship/sacrifice’ से श्रेष्ठतम-भावः)
शुच्यूधःhe of bright udders (i.e., the cow/stream of milk; epithet)
शुच्यूधः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (bahuvrīhi/compound used as epithet)
Rootशुचि-ऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक; शुचि ‘bright/pure’ + ऊधस् ‘udder’)
अतृणन्they pierced/overcame; they pressed forth
अतृणन्:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootतृ (तृणाति ‘to pierce/overcome’; aorist stem अतृण-)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha (अन्धः/ऊधः-सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्धःthe soma-juice / pressed draught
अन्धः:
Karma/Upameya (उपमान-निर्देशः)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
पूतम्purified
पूतम्:
Karma (अन्धः विशेषयति)
TypeAdjective (past participle)
Rootपूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पू ‘to purify’)
परिषिक्तम्sprinkled around / poured over
परिषिक्तम्:
Karma (अन्धः विशेषयति)
TypeAdjective (past participle)
Rootपरि-√सिच् (सिञ्चति) → परिषिक्त (क्त)
अंशोःof the soma-stalk
अंशोः:
Sambandha (परिषिक्तम्—कस्य?)
TypeNoun
Rootअंशु (प्रातिपदिक; सोम-लता/डण्डः)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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