Rig Veda 1.91.19: Mandala 1, Sukta 91, Mantra 19

Sukta 1.91

Devata: Soma

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

या ते धामानि हविषा यजन्ति ता ते विश्वा परिभूरस्तु यज्ञम् । गयस्फानः प्रतरणः सुवीरोऽवीरहा प्र चरा सोम दुर्यान् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.91.19

Transliteration

yā́ te dhā́māni havíṣā yájanti tā́ te víśvā paribhū́r astu yajñám | gaya-sphā́naḥ pra-táraṇaḥ su-vī́ro 'vīra-hā́ prá carā soma duryā́n ||

Translation

يا سوما، أيًّا كانت دَهامانُكَ (مقاماتُكَ المقدّسة) وحالاتُ سلطانِكَ التي يعبدونها بالهَفِس (القُربان)، فلتُحِطْ كلُّها بيَجْنَا (الذبيحة/الطقس) لنا ولتَغْلِبْه. يا سوما، مُوَسِّعَ الحياة، مُنقِذًا بعيدَ المدى، واهبَ البطولةِ الحقّة، قاتلَ غيرِ الأبطال—تقدَّمْ وسِرْ في مساكنِنا الباطنة.

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Word by Word

• या: which (those)
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• धामानि: abodes; ordinances; powers
• धामानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन् (prātipadika)

• हविषा: with oblation
• हविषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (prātipadika)

• यजन्ति: they worship; they sacrifice
• यजन्ति: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्

• ता: those
• ता: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• विश्वा: all (things)
• विश्वा: Karma (with implied ‘make/bring’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (prātipadika)

• परिभूः: overlord; one who surpasses (all)
• परिभूः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: परि-भू (dhātu: भू with preverb परि)

• अस्तु: let (him/it) be
• अस्तु: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice; rite
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (prātipadika)

• गयस्फानः: Gayasphāna (Soma-epithet; ‘swelling with life/household prosperity’)
• गयस्फानः: Kartā (apposition to Soma)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: गयस्फान (prātipadika; epithet of Soma)

• प्रतरणः: the one who helps to cross; deliverer
• प्रतरणः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (agent)
• Root: प्र-तॄ (dhātu: तॄ ‘to cross’ with preverb प्र) → प्रतरण (agent noun)

• सुवीरः: having good heroes/sons; strong in heroes
• सुवीरः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वीर (prātipadika)

• अवीरहा: not slaying heroes; not man-destroying
• अवीरहा: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वीर-हन् (prātipadika; nañ + vīra + han ‘slay’)

• प्र: forth; forward
• प्र: (modifies verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga/avyaya)

• चर: move; go; proceed
• चर: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्

• सोम: O Soma
• सोम: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (deity)
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• दुर्यान्: households; homes
• दुर्यान्: Karma (goal/objects of motion)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: दुर्य (prātipadika; ‘of the house/home’)