Rig Veda 1.39.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 39, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.39
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Maruts/Rudras (collective)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नहि वः शत्रुर्विविदे अधि द्यवि न भूम्यां रिशादसः । युष्माकमस्तु तविषी तना युजा रुद्रासो नू चिदाधृषे ॥
Transliteration
náhi vaḥ śátrur vividé ádhi dyávi ná bhū́myāṃ riśādasaḥ | yuṣmā́kam astu táviṣī tánā yujā́ rudrāso nū́ cid ā́dhṛṣe ||
Translation
ما من عدوٍّ اهتدى إليكم—لا في السماء ولا في الأرض—يا مُبدِّدي الأذى. فلتكن شدّتكم لنا في اقتران كياننا؛ يا رُدْرَات، حتى الآن اجعلونا غيرَ مُنالين.
Word by Word
नहिindeed not / surely not
नहि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनहि (न + हि)
वःof you (pl.)
वः:
सम्बन्ध (possessive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
शत्रुःenemy
शत्रुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
विविदेhas found / has discovered
विविदे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ‘जानने/प्राप्तौ’), वि-
अधिupon / in
अधि:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि
द्यविin heaven / in the sky
द्यवि:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (दिव्)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
भूम्याम्on earth
भूम्याम्:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
रिशादसःO harm-destroyers (Rudras/Maruts)
रिशादसः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootरिशादस्
युष्माकम्of you (pl.)
युष्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (possessive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
अस्तुlet there be / may it be
अस्तु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (असँ ‘भू’)
तविषीstrength, might
तविषी:
कर्तृ/विधेय (अस्तु-सम्बद्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतविषी
तनाalways / continually
तना:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतना
युजाwith a yokefellow/ally; as a helper
युजा:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental of agent/means) / Adjectival
Rootयुज् (युज्- ‘योजने’)
रुद्रासःthe Rudras
रुद्रासः:
कर्तृ (अधृषे-सम्बद्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
नुnow / indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित्
अधृषेis not dared/overpowered (cannot be assailed)
अधृषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धृष् (धृषँ ‘साहसे/धर्षणे’) + अ-
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