Valmiki Ramayana 2.64.9 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 64, Shloka 9

शब्दवेध्य-अनर्थः, ऋषिशापः, दशरथस्य प्राणत्यागः

The Sound-Target Tragedy, the Sage’s Curse, and Dasaratha’s Death

Devanagari script

यद्व्यलीकं कृतं पुत्र मात्रा ते यदि वा मया।न तन्मनसि कर्तव्यं त्वया तात तपस्विना।।।।

Transliteration

yad vyalīkaṃ kṛtaṃ putra mātrā te yadi vā mayā | na tan manasi kartavyaṃ tvayā tāta tapasvinā ||

Translation

يا بُنيّ، إن كانت أمُّك — أو أنا — قد فعلنا ما يُغضبك، فلا تجعله في قلبك، يا ولدي؛ فأنت مُدرَّبٌ على ضبط النفس كالتابِسْوِيّ.

Word by Word

• yat: whatever
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; relative pronoun referring to 'vyalīkam'

• vyalīkam: offence, displeasing act
• vyalīkam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyalīka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; object of 'kṛtam' (done)

• kṛtam: done
• kṛtam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु) + kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicative: 'has been done'

• putra: O son
• putra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular

• mātrā: by (your) mother
• mātrā: Karaṇa/Agent (करण/कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• te: your
• te: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive/Dative (षष्ठी/चतुर्थी), Singular; here possessive 'your' with 'mātrā'

• yadi: if
• yadi: Śarta-dyotaka (शर्त-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: Conditional particle (शर्त-अव्यय)

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa-dyotaka (विकल्प-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थ-निपात)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karaṇa/Agent (करण/कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; refers to the offence

• manasi: in the mind
• manasi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• kartavyam: to be done/kept (should be)
• kartavyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु) + kartavya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Gerundive/obligatory participle (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; with 'na' = 'should not be done/placed'

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karaṇa/Agent (करण/कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental, Singular; agent with gerundive

• tāta: O dear child
• tāta: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• tapasvinā: (as) an ascetic
• tapasvinā: Karaṇa/Agent (करण/कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular; appositional to 'tvayā'

Context

'O Child, O Son! if your mother or I have done anything disagreeable, do not take it to heart, for you are an ascetic.

Characters & Entities

• Śravaṇa
• Śravaṇa’s mother
• Śravaṇa’s father

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as kṣamā (forbearance) and mental discipline: even if wronged, one should not nurture resentment, especially one committed to tapas (self-restraint).

What is the narrative situation?

In the Śravaṇa recollection, the father pre-emptively asks the son not to take any parental harshness to heart.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Forgiveness and steadiness of mind—an ascetic ideal applied within family life.