Atharva Veda 4.2.5: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 5

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यस्य॒ विश्वे॑ हि॒मव॑न्तो महि॒त्वा स॑मु॒द्रे यस्य॑ र॒सामिदा॒हुः । इ॒माश्च॑ प्र॒दिशो॒ यस्य॒ बा॒हू कस्मै॑ दे॒वाय॑ ह॒विषा॑ विधेम

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 4.2.5

IAST Transliteration

yásya víśve himávanto mahitvā́ samudré yásya rasā́n íd āhúḥ | imā́ś ca pradíśo yásya bāhū́ kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Whose, by his majesty, are all the snowy mountains; whose are the vital juices, so men indeed declare, in the ocean: whose arms are these quarters of space—unto what God shall we with oblation do worship?

Translation

الذي بعظمته تكونُ له جميعُ الجبالِ الثلجية؛ والذي له عصاراتُ الحياة—هكذا يقول الناس حقًّا—في المحيط؛ والذي ذراعاه هذه الجهاتُ من الفضاء: لأيِّ إلهٍ نقدّم القربان ونقيم العبادة؟

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Word by Word

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) / अधिकरण-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वे: all (ones)
• विश्वे: कर्तृ (अस्ति/भवन्ति इत्यर्थे) — subject
• Type: Adjective (used substantively) / Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: indeed / for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• हिमवन्तः: the हिमवत् mountains (snowy mountains)
• हिमवन्तः: कर्तृ (विश्वे … हिमवन्तः) — subject/apposition
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिमवत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• महित्वा: by (his) greatness
• महित्वा: करण (instrument/means: ‘by/with greatness’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महित्व (प्रातिपदिक; भाववाचक-नपुंसक)

• समुद्रे: in the ocean
• समुद्रे: अधिकरण (locative: ‘in the ocean’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रसाम्: juices / essences / waters
• रसाम्: कर्म (object of ‘आहुः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)

• इद: this
• इद: कर्म (object/appositive: ‘this’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; Vedic form of इदम्)

• आहुः: they call / they say
• आहुः: क्रिया (they say/call)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अह् (ब्रू/वच्-अर्थे; ‘to say’)

• इमाः: these
• इमाः: कर्तृ (subject of implied ‘सन्ति/भवन्ति’)
• Type: Pronoun (demonstrative)
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• प्रदिशः: the directions / quarters
• प्रदिशः: कर्तृ (with ‘इमाः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदिश् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• बाहू: (his) two arms
• बाहू: कर्तृ/सम्बन्ध-विशेषण (predicate-nominative: ‘(are) his two arms’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)

• कस्मै: to which (one)? / to whom?
• कस्मै: सम्प्रदान (dative: ‘for/to whom’)
• Type: Interrogative pronoun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाय: to the god
• देवाय: सम्प्रदान (dative; in apposition to ‘कस्मै’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• हविषा: with an oblation
• हविषा: करण (instrument: ‘with oblation’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विधेम: may we offer / may we perform
• विधेम: क्रिया (let us offer/perform)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (वि+धा; ‘to arrange, to offer, to perform’)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally associated with Prajāpati/Hiraṇyagarbha-type hymnic voice (exact r̥ṣi attribution varies in ancillary lists).

Devata: Prajāpati / Hiraṇyagarbha (the ‘Ka’ deity of the refrain).

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (as in the well-known ‘kásmai devā́ya’ hymn-type).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta