Rig Veda 4.16.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 16, Mantra 2
Sukta 4.16
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अव स्य शूराध्वनो नान्तेऽस्मिन्नो अद्य सवने मन्दध्यै । शंसात्युक्थमुशनेव वेधाश्चिकितुषे असुर्याय मन्म ॥
Transliteration
áva sya śūrā́dhvano nā́nte’ asmín no adyá sávane mandadhyái | śáṃsāty u̱kthám uśánāiva vedhā́ś cikitúṣe asuryā́ya mánma ||
Translation
愿这位英雄不在此道之终点对我们失却——就在今日的苏摩祭饮中，为我们的欢悦。智者如乌沙那（Uśanā）般宣说颂歌；为那能洞察者而发的灵感之思，献给那“阿苏利亚”（asuryā）——灵之主权与威能。
Word by Word
अवdown; forth (preverb/emphasis)
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग) / अव (अव्यय)
स्यof him/its
स्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootस (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शूरात्from the hero
शूरात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
अध्वनःof the path/journey
अध्वनः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike; as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootअयम्/इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us/our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
सवनेat the pressing/oblation (soma-pressing)
सवने:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्दध्यैto gladden; for exhilaration
मन्दध्यै:
प्रयोजन (purpose)
TypeVerbal noun (infinitival) / Kṛdanta
Rootमन्दधि (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; from √मन्द्/मद् ‘to be glad, exhilarate’ + धि/धा-formation)
शंसातिpraises; proclaims
शंसाति:
Kartā (implicit subject)
TypeVerb
Root√शंस् (स्तुति/कथन)
उक्थम्hymn; recitation (uktha)
उक्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउक्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
उशनाUśanā (Uśanas/Kavi)
उशना:
Kartā (of implied comparison)
TypeProper noun
Rootउशनस्/उशना (ऋषि-नाम, प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike; as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
वेधाःthe wise one; seer
वेधाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवेधस्/वेधा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wise one, seer’)
चिकितुषेto the discerning one
चिकितुषे:
Sampradāna
TypeParticiple (perfect active) used substantively
Root√चित् (to perceive/notice) with reduplication ‘चिकित्’ (perfect/participle base)
असुर्यायto the lordly/mighty one
असुर्याय:
Sampradāna
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअसुर्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘asurya’ = lordly/Asura-related, mighty)
मन्मthought; hymn; formulation
मन्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमन्मन्/मन्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thought, hymn, intention’)
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