Rig Veda 2.1.2: Mandala 2, Sukta 1, Mantra 2
Sukta 2.1
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तवाग्ने होत्रं तव पोत्रमृत्वियं तव नेष्ट्रं त्वमग्निदृतायतः । तव प्रशास्त्रं त्वमध्वरीयसि ब्रह्मा चासि गृहपतिश्च नो दमे ॥
Transliteration
távāgne hótraṃ táva pótram ṛtviyáṃ táva néṣṭraṃ tvám agníd ṛtāyatáḥ | táva práśāstraṃ tvám adhvarīyasi brahmā́ cā́si gṛhápatiś ca no dámē ||
Translation
阿耆尼啊，呼献之辞属于你，净护之职属于你；合乎时令的祭司职属于你，引导行旅之职亦属于你——你是依真理而行的点火者。训令之言属于你；你行持祭仪；你亦是梵力（Brahman），并且在我等家宅之中为家主。
Word by Word
तवof you / your
तव:
सम्बन्ध (possessive/genitival)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → त्वद्
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (address)
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
होत्रम्the Hotṛ-office / hotṛ-priesthood
होत्रम्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण/विधेय (predicative complement)
TypeNoun
Rootहोत्र- (प्रातिपदिक; from √हु ‘to sacrifice/invoke’)
तवyour
तव:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् → त्वद्
पोत्रम्the Potṛ-office / potṛ-priesthood
पोत्रम्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण/विधेय
TypeNoun
Rootपोत्र- (प्रातिपदिक; ritual office)
ऋत्वियम्seasonal, ritually appointed
ऋत्वियम्:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत्विय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to ṛtu/season’, ritual)
तवyour
तव:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् → त्वद्
नेष्ट्रम्the Neṣṭṛ-office / leader-priesthood
नेष्ट्रम्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण/विधेय
TypeNoun
Rootनेष्ट्र- (प्रातिपदिक; from √नी ‘to lead’)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अग्निदृताय॒तःof the one who upholds Agni / Agni-supporting
अग्निदृताय॒तः:
सम्बन्ध (genitival qualifier of an implied noun, e.g., जनस्य/यजमानस्य)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootअग्नि-दृत- (समास-प्रातिपदिक; दृत- ‘supporting/holding’ from √धृ ‘to hold’; with अग्नि-)
इतःfrom here / hence
इतः:
अपादान/अधिकरण-भाव (direction/source: ‘from here/there’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः (अव्यय; pronominal adverb from इ- ‘this’)
तवyour
तव:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् → त्वद्
प्रशास्त्रम्the directing/reciting office; the Praśāstṛ-function
प्रशास्त्रम्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण/विधेय
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-शास्त्र- (प्रातिपदिक; from √शास् ‘to instruct/command’)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
अध्वरीयसिyou perform as the Adhvaryu / you officiate in the sacrifice
अध्वरीयसि:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रियापद)
TypeVerb
Root√अध्वरि/अध्वर् (denominative from अध्वर ‘sacrifice’)
ब्रह्मा(you are) the Brahman-priest
ब्रह्मा:
विधेय (predicative noun to त्वम्)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sacred formulation’, also priest-title)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
असिyou are
असि:
क्रिया (copula)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘to be’
गृहपतिःthe lord of the house
गृहपतिः:
विधेय (predicative noun)
TypeNoun
Rootगृहपति- (समास-प्रातिपदिक: गृह + पति)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम) → नः
दमेin the house / at home
दमे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootदम- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘house, home’)
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