Rig Veda 2.1.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 1, Mantra 3
Sukta 2.1
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Agni (identified with multiple devatās)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वमग्न इन्द्रो वृषभः सतामसि त्वं विष्णुरुरुगायो नमस्यः । त्वं ब्रह्मा रयिविद्ब्रह्मणस्पते त्वं विधर्तः सचसे पुरंध्या ॥
Transliteration
tvám agne índro vṛṣabháḥ satā́m asi tváṃ víṣṇur uru-gāyó namasyáḥ | tváṃ brahmā́ rayivíd brahmaṇas pate tváṃ vidhártaḥ sacase púraṃdhyā ||
Translation
阿耆尼啊，你即是因陀罗——光明者之雄牛；你即是毗湿奴——广步而行、堪受礼敬者。你即是梵（Brahman），知晓并赐予丰饶者；婆罗门主（Brahmaṇaspati）啊，你与那维持与安置之力相契，并与充盈的明辨智慧同在。
Word by Word
त्वम्thou (you)
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ (समास-प्रत्ययार्थे विधेय-नाम)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषभःbull; the strong one
वृषभः:
कर्तृ (विधेय/विशेषण-भाव)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
सताम्of the good/true ones; of beings
सताम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत् (√अस् ‘to be’ → सत्, वर्तमान-कृदन्त; प्रातिपदिकवत्)
असिthou art
असि:
(अस्ति-क्रिया; कर्तृ=त्वम्)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू-धातु ‘to be’)
त्वम्thou
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
विष्णुःVishnu
विष्णुः:
कर्तृ (विधेय-नाम)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
उरुगायःwide-striding / far-going
उरुगायः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootउरुगाय (प्रातिपदिक; उरु- ‘wide’ + गाय ‘going/striding’/‘praised’—वैदिक विशेषण)
नमस्यःto be worshipped; venerable
नमस्यः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootनमस्य (प्रातिपदिक; √नम् ‘to bow’ → नमस्य ‘worthy of homage’)
त्वम्thou
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
ब्रह्माthe Brahman-priest; sacred utterance/power
ब्रह्मा:
कर्तृ (विधेय-नाम)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक ‘priestly power/holy word’)
रयिवित्finder/knower of wealth
रयिवित्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootरयिविद् (प्रातिपदिक; रयि ‘wealth’ + √विद् ‘to know/find’)
ब्रह्मणस्पतेO Lord of prayer (Brahmaṇaspati)
ब्रह्मणस्पते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मणस्-पति (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
त्वम्thou
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
विधर्तःO supporter/ordainer
विधर्तः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootविधर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; √धृ ‘to hold’ with vi-; ‘disposer/supporter’)
सचसेthou art associated/companied
सचसे:
(अस्ति-सम्बन्ध-क्रिया; कर्तृ=त्वम्)
TypeVerb
Root√सच् (to accompany/attach oneself; ‘to be with’)
पुरंध्याwith bounty; with abundance
पुरंध्या:
करण (सह/साधन-भावे)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंधि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bounty/abundance’, also ‘liberality’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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