Rig Veda 1.21.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 21, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.21
Devata: Indrāgnī
Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely for early RV dual-invocation hymns; not verified from input)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उग्रा सन्ता हवामह उपेदं सवनं सुतम् । इन्द्राग्नी एह गच्छताम् ॥
Transliteration
ugrā́ sántā havāmaha úpedáṃ sávanaṃ sutám | indrāgnī éha gacchatām ||
Translation
Hỡi hai đấng uy mãnh trong bản thể, chúng tôi khẩn thỉnh: hãy đến gần lễ rượu Soma đã được ép ra trong savana này. Indra–Agni, hãy đến đây.
Word by Word
उग्राःfierce, mighty (ones)
उग्राः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सन्ताbeing, existing; (the) two being
सन्ता:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (present participle used adjectivally)
Rootअस् (धातु) → सत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) → सन्त्
हवामहेwe invoke, we call upon
हवामहे:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootह्वे (धातु; Vedic: √ह्वा/ह्वे ‘to call, invoke’)
उपtowards, near
उप:
Adhikaraṇa (directional/approach) / Upasarga
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootउप
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सवनम्Soma-pressing, libation-rite
सवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (प्रातिपदिक; from √सु ‘to press’ → ‘pressing, Soma-pressing’)
सुतम्pressed (Soma), prepared
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; past passive participle)
इन्द्राग्नीIndra and Agni
इन्द्राग्नी:
Kartā (addressees) / Sambodhana-like address
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootइन्द्र + अग्नि (समास; द्वन्द्व)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
गच्छताम्let the two come
गच्छताम्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
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