Rig Veda 1.21.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 21, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.21
Devata: Indrāgnī
Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely for early RV dual-invocation hymns; not verified from input)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उग्रा सन्ता हवामह उपेदं सवनं सुतम् । इन्द्राग्नी एह गच्छताम् ॥
Transliteration
ugrā́ sántā havāmaha úpedáṃ sávanaṃ sutám | indrāgnī éha gacchatām ||
Translation
Hum dono ko bulate hain, Indra aur Agni. Aap dono bahut taakatwar hain. Yeh Soma ras taiyaar hai, aap iske paas aao. Aap yahan aake apni jagah lo.
Word by Word
उग्राःfierce, mighty (ones)
उग्राः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सन्ताbeing, existing; (the) two being
सन्ता:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (present participle used adjectivally)
Rootअस् (धातु) → सत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) → सन्त्
हवामहेwe invoke, we call upon
हवामहे:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootह्वे (धातु; Vedic: √ह्वा/ह्वे ‘to call, invoke’)
उपtowards, near
उप:
Adhikaraṇa (directional/approach) / Upasarga
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootउप
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सवनम्Soma-pressing, libation-rite
सवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (प्रातिपदिक; from √सु ‘to press’ → ‘pressing, Soma-pressing’)
सुतम्pressed (Soma), prepared
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; past passive participle)
इन्द्राग्नीIndra and Agni
इन्द्राग्नी:
Kartā (addressees) / Sambodhana-like address
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootइन्द्र + अग्नि (समास; द्वन्द्व)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
गच्छताम्let the two come
गच्छताम्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
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