Rig Veda 9.4.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 4, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.4

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सना ज्योतिः सना स्वर्विश्वा च सोम सौभगा । अथा नो वस्यसस्कृधि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.4.2

Transliteration

sanā́ jyótiḥ sanā́ svàr víśvā ca soma sáubhagā | áthā no vásyasas kṛdhi ||

Translation

Ever is the Light; ever is the Sun-world; and all felicities, O Soma. Then shape us into the more excellent state.

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Word by Word

• सना: from of old; ever
• सना: Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सना (avyaya-prātipadika; from PIE *sen- ‘old, long’)

• ज्योतिः: light; radiance
• ज्योतिः: Karma (प्राप्तव्य/विधेय) / विधेय-नाम
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (prātipadika)

• सना: from of old; ever
• सना: Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सना (avyaya-prātipadika)

• स्वः: heaven; the solar world
• स्वः: Karma (प्राप्तव्य/विधेय) / विधेय-नाम
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्/स्वः (prātipadika; ‘heaven, sunlight’)

• विश्वा: all; everything
• विश्वा: Karma (समुच्चित-वस्तु) / ‘all (things)’
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: विश्व (prātipadika)

• च: and
• च: — (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (avyaya)

• सोम: O Soma
• सोम: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• सौभगानि: good fortunes; prosperities
• सौभगानि: Karma (प्राप्तव्य) / ‘prosperities’
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौभग (prātipadika; from सु- + भग ‘fortune’)

• अथ: then; thereafter
• अथ: — (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (avyaya)

• नः: for us; our
• नः: Sampradāna (हित/लाभ-सम्बन्ध) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronominal stem)

• वस्यसः: the better (thing); greater good
• वस्यसः: Karma (यत् कर्तव्यम्/प्राप्यम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: वस्यस् (comparative prātipadika of वसु ‘good’)

• कृधि: make; do; grant
• कृधि: — (finite verb; governs कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)