Rig Veda 3.7.10: Mandala 3, Sukta 7, Mantra 10

Sukta 3.7

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Agni (with Ushas as allied illuminers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पृक्षप्रयजो द्रविणः सुवाचः सुकेतव उषसो रेवदूषुः । उतो चिदग्ने महिना पृथिव्याः कृतं चिदेनः सं महे दशस्य ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.7.10

Transliteration

pṛkṣá-prayajo dráviṇaḥ su-vā́caḥ su-kétava uṣáso revád ūṣuḥ | utó cid agne máhinā pṛthivyā́ḥ kṛtáṃ cid énaḥ sáṃ mahé daśasya ||

Translation

Those who offer strengthening oblations, rich in substance and well-worded, the Dawn-powers of clear discernment have shone with abundance. And even what has been done as fault—O Agni—by the greatness of Earth, we would set it in harmony and make it a means of greater perfection.

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Word by Word

• पृक्षप्रयजः: having offerings mixed/strengthened (with nourishment), well-sacrificing
• पृक्षप्रयजः: विशेषण (कर्तृपद-सम्बन्धः) / Kartā-qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृक्ष- (प्रातिपदिक) + प्र-यज् (यज् ‘यज्’ धातु से ‘प्रयज्’/‘प्रयज’ नामधातु-समास)

• द्रविणः: wealth-givers / possessors of riches
• द्रविणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रविण- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुवाचः: of good speech, well-speaking
• सुवाचः: विशेषण (कर्तृपद-सम्बन्धः) / Kartā-qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वाच् (वाच् ‘speak’ से प्रातिपदिक ‘वाच’)

• सुकेतवः: bright-bannered, of good radiance
• सुकेतवः: विशेषण (कर्तृपद-सम्बन्धः) / Kartā-qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-केतु (केतु- प्रातिपदिक)

• उषसः: the Dawns
• उषसः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• रेवत्: richly, splendidly
• रेवत्: क्रियाविशेषण / manner
• Type: Adjective (indeclinable-like in neut. acc./nom. sg. used adverbially) / qualifier
• Root: रेवत् (मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण; रेव- ‘wealth’)

• ऊषुः: they shone / they dwelt (appeared)
• ऊषुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (उष्/वस् ‘shine/dwell’—RV में ‘ऊषुः’ = परिपूर्ण-परस्मैपद परोक्ष/लिट् 3 बहु)

• उतो: and also
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• महिना: by (your) greatness, through might
• महिना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिन्/महिमा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मह’ से)

• पृथिव्याः: of the earth
• पृथिव्याः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी- (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृतम्: done, committed
• कृतम्: Karma (object) / विषय
• Type: Participle
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• एनः: sin, offense
• एनः: Karma (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• महे: we magnify / we extol
• महे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मह् (धातु) / महे (आत्मनेपद-रूप; RV में ‘महे’ = ‘मह्’ धातोः लट् 1 बहु)

• दशस्य: honor (us)/show favor; be gracious
• दशस्य: Kriyā (आज्ञार्थ/प्रार्थना)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दशस् (धातु; ‘to honor, serve’)