Rig Veda 2.11.18: Mandala 2, Sukta 11, Mantra 18
Sukta 2.11
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
धिष्वा शवः शूर येन वृत्रमवाभिनद्दानुमौर्णवाभम् । अपावृणोर्ज्योतिरार्याय नि सव्यतः सादि दस्युरिन्द्र ॥
Transliteration
dhíṣvā śávaḥ śūra yéna vṛtrám avā́bhinad dā́num aurṇavābhám | apā́vṛṇor jyótir ā́ryāya ní savyatáḥ sā́di dásyur indra ||
Translation
اپنی طاقت کو قائم کر، اے ہیرو، جس سے تو نے وِرتر کو، دانو کو، رکاوٹ بنانے والے کو توڑا۔ تو نے آریہ کے لئے روشنی کھول دی؛ دسیو بائیں طرف دھنس گیا، اے اِندر۔
Word by Word
धिष्वाput forth / assume (for thyself)
धिष्वा:
(predicate; governs object ‘शवः’)
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धि-; √धा) + स्वा (enclitic particle)
शवःstrength, might
शवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (prātipadika)
शूरO hero
शूर:
(address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootशूर (prātipadika)
येनby which
येन:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootय (relative pronoun stem)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the obstructer)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (prātipadika)
अवdown, away
अव:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (preverb)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (preverb)
अभिनदत्he smote/cleft
अभिनदत्:
(predicate; subject = Indra implied)
TypeVerb
Rootनद् (√नद् ‘to roar, resound’; in RV also ‘to smite/cleave’ with preverbs)
दानुम्Dānu (demonic/primeval being; also ‘stream’ in some contexts)
दानुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदानु (prātipadika)
और्णवाभम्the ‘spider-like’/‘descendant of Urṇavābha’ (name/epithet of a foe)
और्णवाभम्:
Karma (apposition to दानुम् / or additional object)
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootऔर्णवाभ (prātipadika; epithet/name)
अपaway, forth
अप:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (preverb)
आवृणोःthou didst uncover/open
आवृणोः:
(predicate; subject = ‘thou’ = Indra)
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (√वृ ‘to cover/choose’; here with ā- ‘to uncover/open’ in Vedic usage)
ज्योतिःlight
ज्योतिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (prātipadika)
आर्यायfor the Ārya (noble one/people)
आर्याय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootआर्य (prātipadika)
निdown, into
नि:
(verbal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (preverb)
सव्यतःfrom the left (side)
सव्यतः:
Apādāna
TypeAdjective (ablatival adverbial)
Rootसव्य (prātipadika)
सादिsat down / sank / was laid low
सादि:
(predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसद् (√सद् ‘to sit, settle, sink’)
दस्युःthe Dasyu (hostile foe)
दस्युः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (prātipadika)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
(address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (prātipadika)
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