Rig Veda 1.5.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 5, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.5

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional for RV 1.1–1.11; thus for 1.5 as well)

Devata: Indra (invoked in the context of Soma)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables typical of RV 1.5)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पुरूतमं पुरूणामीशानं वार्याणाम् । इन्द्रं सोमे सचा सुते ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.5.2

Transliteration

purūtamáṃ purūṇām īśā́naṃ vā́ryāṇām | índraṃ sóme sacā suté ||

Translation

اندر، بہت سے میں سب سے زیادہ فراوانی والا، بہترین فراوانیوں کا حاکم مالک، ہم پکایا ہوا سوم میں ہمارے ساتھ ہونے کو پکارتے ہیں، ہماری نذر اور ہماری آرزو کا ساتھی۔

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Word by Word

• पुरूतमम्: most abundant / most bountiful
• पुरूतमम्: Karma (विशेष्य: इन्द्रम्) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु-तम (प्रातिपदिक: पुरु ‘many’ + तमप् प्रत्यय ‘superlative’)

• पुरूणाम्: of many (men/things)
• पुरूणाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive of relation) — ‘of many’
• Type: Noun/Adjective (genitive plural used substantively)
• Root: पुरु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईशानम्: the lord / ruler
• ईशानम्: Karma (विशेष्य: इन्द्रम्) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (used as substantive)
• Root: ईशान- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ruling, lordly’)

• वार्याणाम्: of choice boons / treasures
• वार्याणाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive of domain) — ‘of desirable boons/treasures’
• Type: Noun
• Root: वार्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘choice, excellent, desirable goods/boons’)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: Karma (object of implied ‘we invoke/praise’)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमे: in/at the Soma (pressing/rite)
• सोमे: Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in/at the Soma [rite/drink]’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सचा: together with
• सचा: सह (associative) — ‘together with’
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सच् (अव्यय; Vedic adverb/preposition meaning ‘together with, in company with’)

• सुते: in the pressed (Soma) / when Soma is pressed
• सुते: Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘when/where it is pressed’)
• Type: Kṛdanta (past passive participle used substantively)
• Root: सु- (धातु ‘to press/extract’ → क्त/क्तवत्-भावे; here locative of ‘suta’ ‘pressed’)