Rig Veda 1.3.8 — Mandala 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 8
Sukta 1.3
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditionally for RV 1.1–1.11; applied here to 1.3 as part of the opening collection)
Devata: Viśve Devāḥ (All-Gods) invited to Soma
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables; typical for early Mandala 1 invocations)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विश्वे देवासो अप्तुरः सुतमा गन्त तूर्णयः । उस्रा इव स्वसराणि ॥
Transliteration
víśve devā́so aptúraḥ sutám ā́ ganta tūrṇáyaḥ | usrā́ iva svásarāṇi ||
Translation
O All-Gods, swift in the work of the Waters (the flowing energies), come quickly to the pressed Soma—like the radiant dawn-cows (rays) that move as sisters in one harmony of light.
Word by Word
विश्वेall
विश्वे:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
देवासःthe gods
देवासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अप्तुरःactive/efficient (in deeds), swift-working
अप्तुरः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्तुर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अप्/आप्’ + ‘तुर’ इति व्युत्पत्तिः, वेदिकविशेषणम्)
सुतम्the pressed (Soma)
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Kṛdanta used substantively)
Rootसु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; क्त)
आhither, towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
गन्तcome! (you all)
गन्त:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
तूर्णयःswift
तूर्णयः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootतूर्णि/तूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक; वेदिकविशेषणम्)
उस्राःdawns / ruddy (cows) (bright ones)
उस्राः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
स्वस॑राणिsisters
स्वस॑राणि:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसृ (प्रातिपदिक)
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