Rig Veda 9.87.3: Mandala 9, Sukta 87, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.87

Rishi: Unspecified in this excerpt; verse speaks of a paradigmatic seer figure (ṛṣi/vipra/uśanā).

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (indirectly), with strong rishi-gnosis emphasis.

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋषिर्विप्रः पुरएता जनानामृभुर्धीर उशना काव्येन । स चिद्विवेद निहितं यदासामपीच्यं गुह्यं नाम गोनाम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.87.3

Transliteration

ṛṣír vípraḥ puraetā́ jánānām ṛbhúr dhī́ra uśánā kā́vyena | sá cíd viveda níhitaṃ yád āsām apī́cyaṃ gúhyaṃ nā́ma gónām ||

Translation

ท่านคือฤๅษี (ṛṣi) คือผู้รู้แจ้งอันสว่างไสว (vipra) คือผู้นำหน้าชนทั้งหลาย; เป็นช่างผู้รังสรรค์ (ṛbhu) มั่นคง และใฝ่หาโดยศิลป์กวี (kāvya). แม้สิ่งที่ถูกซ่อนไว้ท่านก็ได้ค้นพบ: นามอันลี้ลับเร้นในของโคแห่งรัศมี (go) ทั้งหลาย.

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Word by Word

• ऋषिः: seer
• ऋषिः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• विप्रः: inspired poet/priest
• विप्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरः-एता: leader, one who goes in front
• पुरः-एता: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: पुरः + एता (√इ ‘to go’ से कृत्: एतृ/एता)

• जनानाम्: of the peoples/men
• जनानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋभुः: R̥bhu (the skillful one; name/epithet)
• ऋभुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• धीः: insight, inspired thought
• धीः: कर्तृ/विशेषणभाव (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी- (प्रातिपदिक)

• उशना: Uśanā (Kāvya)
• उशना: कर्तृ (apposition)
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: उशनस्/उशना- (प्रातिपदिक; उशना काव्य ‘Uśanā Kāvya’)

• काव्येन: by poetic craft/poetry
• काव्येन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: काव्य- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• चित्: even, indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• विवेद: he has found/has come to know
• विवेद: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (to know, find)

• निहितम्: the hidden/placed (thing)
• निहितम्: कर्म
• Type: Participle
• Root: नि-√धा (to place, deposit) → निहित (कृत्: क्त)

• यत्: which
• यत्: कर्म (relative)
• Type: Relative Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• आसाम्: of these (cows)
• आसाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• अपिच्यम्: to be reached/attained; desirable
• अपिच्यम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपिच्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अपि-च्य’ = to be sought/attained?)

• गुह्यम्: secret, hidden
• गुह्यम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुह्य- (प्रातिपदिक; from √गुह् ‘to hide’)

• नाम: name
• नाम: कर्म (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोनाम्: of the cows (or rays)
• गोनाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो- (प्रातिपदिक)