Rig Veda 9.77.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 77, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.77

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स पूर्व्यः पवते यं दिवस्परि श्येनो मथायदिषितस्तिरो रजः । स मध्व आ युवते वेविजान इत्कृशानोरस्तुर्मनसाह बिभ्युषा ॥

Transliteration

sá pū́rvyaḥ pavate yáṃ divás pári śyénō mathā́yad iṣitás tiró rájaḥ | sá mádhva ā́ yuvate vévijāna ít kṛśā́nōr ástuḥ mánasā́ha bíbhyuṣā ||

Translation

ผู้นั้นผู้ดึกดำบรรพ์ชำระให้บริสุทธิ์และหลั่งไหล—ผู้ซึ่งเหยี่ยว (śyena) นำมาจากฟากฟ้าไกลโพ้น ข้ามห้วงรัชัส. เขาเร่งรุดด้วยความรื่นรมย์ดุจน้ำผึ้ง สั่นไหวด้วยฤทธิ์เดช; แม้จากคันศรของนายธนู กฤษาณุ (Kṛśānu) เขาก็เป็นที่หวาดเกรงในดวงใจ.

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Word by Word

• सः: he (that one, Soma)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पूर्व्यः: ancient, primeval
• पूर्व्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व्य- (पूर्व + यत्/य प्रत्यय; विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• पवते: purifies/flows (as purified Soma)
• पवते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पू (पूञ् पवने) / √पु (पवते इति आत्मनेपदम्)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवः: of heaven, from heaven
• दिवः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around, from around/over
• परि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• श्येनः: the falcon (mythic bird)
• श्येनः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्येन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• मथायति: churns, agitates, brings forth by churning
• मथायति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मथ् (मथँ विलोडने/मन्थने) + णिच्

• इषितः: impelled, urged on
• इषितः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √इष् (इषँ गतौ/प्रेरणे) → इषित (कृदन्त, क्त)

• तिरः: across, beyond
• तिरः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तिरस् (अव्यय/उपपद)

• रजः: the mist/space/dust (the airy region)
• रजः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मध्वः: of sweetness/honey (of Soma’s sweetness)
• मध्वः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• युवते: joins/attaches himself, hastens toward
• युवते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यु (युजँ मिश्रणे/यु गतौ; युवते आत्मनेपदम्) / युव् (युवते)

• वेविजानः: trembling/quickly moving, in eager motion
• वेविजानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √विज्/√विज् (विजँ पृथग्भावे/वेग) → वेविजान (कृदन्त, शानच्; पुनरुक्त-प्रत्यययुक्तः)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात/अव्यय; emphatic particle)

• कृशानोर्: of the blazing one (Agni/flame)
• कृशानोर्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृशानु- (प्रातिपदिक; अग्नि/ज्वाला-नाम)

• अस्तुः: of the dwelling/house
• अस्तुः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्तु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘home/abode’)

• मनसा: with the mind
• मनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अह: indeed, surely
• अह: (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अह (निपात/अव्यय; expletive/emphatic)

• बिभ्युषा: with one who is afraid / by (his) fear
• बिभ्युषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Participle
• Root: √भी (भीञ् भये) → बिभ्युष् (कृदन्त, उष्/उषन्-प्रत्यय; ‘fearing’)