Rig Veda 9.73.9: Mandala 9, Sukta 73, Mantra 9

Sukta 9.73

Rishi: Unknown/uncertain in provided input

Devata: Soma Pavamāna; Varuṇa explicitly as establisher of the ṛta-thread in speech

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋतस्य तन्तुर्विततः पवित्र आ जिह्वाया अग्रे वरुणस्य मायया । धीराश्चित्तत्समिनक्षन्त आशतात्रा कर्तमव पदात्यप्रभुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.73.9

Transliteration

ṛtásya tántur vítataḥ pavítra ā́ jihvā́yā ágre váruṇasya māyáyā | dhīrā́ś cit tát samínakṣanta āśata ā́trā kártam áva padāty áprabhuḥ ||

Translation

ด้ายแห่ง ṛta ถูกขึงแผ่เป็นเครื่องชำระ (pavitra) และด้วยฤทธิ์แห่งการก่อรูปของวรุณะ (Varuṇa) จึงถูกตั้งไว้เบื้องหน้าบนปลายลิ้น. แม้ผู้มีปัญญาก็ต้องผนึกตนเข้ากับสิ่งนั้น แล้วจึงเข้าถึงได้. ณ ที่นี้ ผู้ก่อความคดเคี้ยวย่อมล้มลงทีละก้าว ไร้อำนาจ.

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Word by Word

• ऋतस्य: of ṛta (cosmic order / truth)
• ऋतस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋ- ‘to go, to fit’; ‘cosmic order, truth’)

• तन्तुः: the thread
• तन्तुः: कर्तृ (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तन्तु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘thread, warp’

• विततः: stretched out, extended
• विततः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (PPP)
• Root: वि-√तन् (तनु-विस्तारे) → वितत (PPP)

• पवित्रे: in/at the filter (pavitra)
• पवित्रे: अधिकरण (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवित्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘strainer; purifier (soma-filter)’

• आ: to, toward; forth
• आ: (क्रियाविशेषक/दिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• जिह्वायाः: of the tongue
• जिह्वायाः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘tongue’

• अग्रे: in front, at the tip
• अग्रे: अधिकरण (place: ‘at the front’)
• Type: Noun (used adverbially)
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘front, tip, beginning’

• वरुणस्य: of Varuṇa
• वरुणस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक; देवता-नाम)

• मायया: by (his) māyā / wondrous power
• मायया: करण (instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक) ‘power, artifice, wondrous skill’

• धीराḥ: the wise (men)
• धीराḥ: कर्तृ (subject)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: धीर (प्रातिपदिक) ‘steady, wise’

• चित्: indeed, even
• चित्: (उपपद-बलवर्धक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात) ‘indeed, even’

• तत्: that (thing/that state)
• तत्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: (क्रियाविशेषक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग)

• इनक्षन्ते: they attain/reach (completely)
• इनक्षन्ते: क्रिया (of कर्तृ ‘धीराḥ’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√नश्/नक्ष् (नश्/नक्ष् ‘to reach, attain’; Vedic present) → इनक्षन्ते

• आशत: they reached/obtained
• आशत: क्रिया (coordinated with ‘इनक्षन्ते’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अश् (अश्नोति/अश् ‘to reach, obtain’)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: अधिकरण (here)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)

• कर्तम्: the pit/abyss
• कर्तम्: कर्म (object of अव…पदाति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्त (प्रातिपदिक) ‘pit, abyss, hole; dark place’

• अव: down, away
• अव: (क्रियाविशेषक: downward)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग)

• पदाति: steps/goes down (into)
• पदाति: क्रिया (subject implicit; often ‘he/it’ = Soma/stream)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-√पद् (पद् ‘to go/step’; with अव ‘down’) → पदाति

• अप्रभुः: the powerless / those without mastery
• अप्रभुः: कर्तृ (subject; contrasted with wise)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: अ-प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘not master, powerless’