Rig Veda 8.70.1: Mandala 8, Sukta 70, Mantra 1
Sukta 8.70
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो राजा चर्षणीनां याता रथेभिरध्रिगुः । विश्वासां तरुता पृतनानां ज्येष्ठो यो वृत्रहा गृणे ॥
Transliteration
yó rājā́ carṣaṇīnā́ṁ yā́tā rathebhír ádhri-guḥ | víśvāsāṁ tarutā́ pṛ́tanānāṁ jyéṣṭho yó vṛtra-hā́ gṛṇé ||
Translation
ท่านคือราชาแห่งหมู่ชน เสด็จมาด้วยรถศึก ดำเนินไปไม่หวั่นไหว; ท่านคือผู้ข้ามพ้นและพิชิตศึกทั้งปวง ผู้เป็นใหญ่ยิ่งในฤทธา—ท่านผู้สังหารผู้ปิดกั้น (Vṛtra-han) ข้าพเจ้าขอสรรเสริญ.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (राजा इत्यस्य) / कर्तृ-सूचकः
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
राजाking, ruler
राजा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
चर्षणीनाम्of the peoples/men (communities)
चर्षणीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (राज्ञः) / षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः
TypeNoun
Rootचर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक)
याताgoing, rider, one who goes
याता:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective (agentive) / Kṛdanta
Rootया (धातु) → यातृ/यात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा याता (विशेषण)
रथेभिःwith chariots
रथेभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
अध्रिगुःunfailing/unyielding (firm-moving)
अध्रिगुः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootअध्रिगु (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक-विशेषण)
विश्वासाम्of all
विश्वासाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (सर्व/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
तरुताovercomer, conqueror
तरुता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (agent) / Kṛdanta
Rootतॄ (धातु) → तरुतृ/तरुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) / तरुता (वैदिक-निपातित रूप)
पृतनानाम्of battles/armies
पृतनानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (तरुता/ज्येष्ठः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest, foremost
ज्येष्ठः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; श्रेष्ठ-तुल्य, superlative)
यःwho
यः:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (वृत्रहा इत्यस्य) / कर्तृ-सूचकः
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन्)
गृणेI praise/sing
गृणे:
क्रिया (कर्तृ = अहम्, implied)
TypeVerb
Rootगॄ (धातु)
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