Rig Veda 8.3.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 3, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.3

Devata: Indra (his śavas/mahimā praised)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अयं सहस्रमृषिभिः सहस्कृतः समुद्र इव पप्रथे । सत्यः सो अस्य महिमा गृणे शवो यज्ञेषु विप्रराज्ये ॥

Transliteration

ayáṃ sahásram ṛ́ṣi-bhiḥ sáhaḥ-kṛtaḥ samudrá iva paprathé | satyáḥ só asya mahimā́ gṛṇé śávo yajñéṣu vipra-rā́jye ||

Translation

พลังนี้ได้รับการเสริมฤทธิ์โดยฤๅษี (ṛṣi) นับพัน จึงแผ่กว้างดุจมหาสมุทร ความยิ่งใหญ่ของท่านนั้นเป็นความจริงแท้; ข้าพเจ้าขับสรรเสริญเดชานุภาพ (śavas) ของท่านในพิธีบูชา (yajña) ทั้งหลายในอธิปไตยแห่งผู้มีญาณ (vipra-rājya).

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Word by Word

• अयम्: this (one), he
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सहस्रम्: a thousand
• सहस्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋषिभिः: by/with the seers
• ऋषिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सहस्कृतः: made/formed with might; powerfully fashioned
• सहस्कृतः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: सहस् + √कृ (कृञ् करणे) → कृत (कृदन्त)

• समुद्रः: ocean, sea
• समुद्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)

• पप्रथे: has spread out, has expanded
• पप्रथे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रथ् (प्रथँ विस्तारे)

• सत्यः: true, real
• सत्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्य: of him/this
• अस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• महिमा: greatness, majesty
• महिमा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिमन् (प्रातिपदिक; न्-प्रत्ययान्त)

• गृणे: I praise, I sing
• गृणे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गॄ (गॄ स्तुतौ) / √गृ (वैदिकः स्तुतौ)

• शवः: strength, might
• शवः: Karma (of गृणे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञेषु: in the sacrifices
• यज्ञेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• विप्रराज्ये: in the seer-poet’s dominion/sovereignty (priestly rule)
• विप्रराज्ये: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्रराज्य (प्रातिपदिक; समासः: विप्र + राज्य)