Rig Veda 8.1.33: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 33

Sukta 8.1

Rishi: Medhyātithi Kāṇva (with patronage references)

Devata: Agni (explicit vocative), within a context that also supports Indra-centered sequence

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अध प्लायोगिरति दासदन्यानासङ्गो अग्ने दशभिः सहस्रैः । अधोक्षणो दश मह्यं रुशन्तो नळा इव सरसो निरतिष्ठन् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.1.33

Transliteration

ádha plāyógiḥ áti dāsad anyā́nāsaṅgó agne daśábhíḥ sahásraiḥ | ádho ukṣáṇo dáśa máhyaṃ rúśanto naḷā́ iva sáraso nír atiṣṭhan ||

Translation

แล้วพลายโยคิ (Plāyogi) ผู้ก้าวล่วงไป ได้มอบ—โอ อัคนี (Agni)—แก่ อาสังคะ (Āsaṅga) หนึ่งหมื่น ต่อจากนั้น โคผู้เพศผู้สว่างไสวสิบตัวถูกนำออกตั้งไว้เพื่อข้าพเจ้า ดุจต้นกกผุดขึ้นจากสระน้ำ: พลังทั้งหลายผุดจากความลึกสู่ที่โล่งแจ้ง.

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Word by Word

• अध: then, thereafter
• अध: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध (अव्यय)

• प्लायोगिः: Plāyogi (a person/poet)
• प्लायोगिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: प्लायोगि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अति: beyond, exceedingly
• अति: Upapada (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दासदन्यान्: the Dāsa-enemies/hostile Dāsas
• दासदन्यान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: दासदन्य- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आसङ्गः: attachment, close contact; (here) a close encounter/pressing on
• आसङ्गः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसङ्ग- (प्रातिपदिक; आ-√सञ्ज्/सङ्ग ‘to cling, attach’ से)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (deity)
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• दशभिः: with ten
• दशभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Numeral
• Root: दशन्- (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• सहस्रैः: with thousands
• सहस्रैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Numeral
• Root: सहस्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अध: then
• अध: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध (अव्यय)

• उक्षणः: the bull (strong one)
• उक्षणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उक्षन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• दश: ten
• दश: Viśeṣaṇa (संख्या)
• Type: Numeral
• Root: दशन्- (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• मह्यम्: to me
• मह्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम)

• रुशन्तः: shining, bright
• रुशन्तः: Kartā (बहुवचन कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: रुशन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त; √रुश्/रुच् ‘to shine, be bright’)

• नळाः: reeds
• नळाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नळ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like
• इव: Upamā
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)

• सरसः: of the lake/pond
• सरसः: Adhikaraṇa (सम्बन्ध/स्थान-निर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• निः: out, forth
• निः: Upasarga (क्रियासंबन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः/निर् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अतिष्ठन्: they stood up / they rose / they came forth
• अतिष्ठन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्था (तिष्ठति)