Rig Veda 7.38.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 38, Mantra 4

Sukta 7.38

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 7.38)

Devata: Savitar (praised within the Aditya complex: Aditi, Varuṇa, Mitra, Aryaman)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; not explicitly provided in input)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अभि यं देव्यदितिर्गृणाति सवं देवस्य सवितुर्जुषाणा । अभि सम्राजो वरुणो गृणन्त्यभि मित्रासो अर्यमा सजोषाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.38.4

Transliteration

abhí yáṃ devy áditi̱r gṛṇā́ti saváṃ devásya savitúr juṣāṇā́ | abhí sam-rā́jo váruṇo gṛṇanty abhí mitrā́so aryamā́ sa-jóṣāḥ ||

Translation

พระองค์นั้น—เทวีอทิติ (Aditi) ขับร้องสรรเสริญ โอบรับแรงขับเคลื่อน (sava) แห่งเทพสวิตฤ (Savitar) พระองค์นั้น—วรุณะ (Varuṇa) ผู้เป็นสมราฐ/ผู้ทรงอำนาจสูงสุดสรรเสริญ และพระองค์นั้น—มิตร (Mitra) กับอรยมัน (Aryaman) สรรเสริญร่วมกันด้วยใจเป็นหนึ่ง

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Word by Word

• अभि: towards, over
• अभि: Adhikaraṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; ‘towards/over’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवी: the goddess
• देवी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (देव-स्त्री)

• अदितिः: Aditi
• अदितिः: Kartā (देवी अदितिः = कर्तृसमासार्थः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदिति (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृणाति: praises, sings
• गृणाति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: गृ (गृणाति) / √गॄ? (वैदिक ‘to sing/praise’)

• सवम्: impulsion, vivifying power (sava)
• सवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सव (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवस्य: of the god
• देवस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सवितुः: of Savitar
• सवितुः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• जुषाणा: favoring, delighting in
• जुषाणा: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण ‘देवी अदितिः’)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √जुष् (to enjoy, favor) → जुषाण (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अभि: towards, over
• अभि: Adhikaraṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सम्राजः: sovereign rulers
• सम्राजः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्राज् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā (सम्राजः इत्यस्य विशेष्य/समुच्चयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृणन्ति: praise
• गृणन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गृ (गृणाति) (वैदिक ‘to praise’)

• अभि: towards, over
• अभि: Adhikaraṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• मित्रासः: the Mitras (Mitra and his powers)
• मित्रासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्यमा: Aryaman
• अर्यमा: Kartā (समुच्चितः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्यमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सजोषाः: in concord, of one accord
• सजोषाः: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण ‘मित्रासः’ इत्यादीनाम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सजोषस् (प्रातिपदिक; स- + जोषस् ‘together in accord’)