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Rig Veda 7.18.5: Mandala 7, Sukta 18, Mantra 5

Sukta 7.18

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditionally for RV 7.18, Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 7.18; many verses in this hymn are Triṣṭubh)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अर्णांसि चित्पप्रथाना सुदास इन्द्रो गाधान्यकृणोत्सुपारा । शर्धन्तं शिम्युमुचथस्य नव्यः शापं सिन्धूनामकृणोदशस्तीः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.18.5
Transliteration

arṇā́ṃsi cit paprathānā́ su-dā́sa índro gādhā́ny akṛṇot su-pā́rā | śárdhantaṃ śimyúm ucáthasya návyaḥ śā́paṃ síndhūnām akṛṇod áśastīḥ ||

Translation

แม้น้ำหลากจะแผ่กว้างออกไป อินทราได้ทำให้สุทาส (Sudās) มีท่าข้ามและทางข้ามอันปลอดภัย เขาผู้มีวาจาญาณอันใหม่อยู่เสมอ ได้ปราบศิมยุ (Śimyu) ผู้เป็นศัตรูซึ่งกดดันมาเป็นหมู่ และได้แปรคำสาปของสายน้ำทั้งหลายให้เป็นกระแสเคลื่อนไหวที่ไม่อาจให้โทษได้

Word by Word
अर्णांसिwaters, floods
अर्णांसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गति/प्रवाहे) / जलार्थक-नाम
चित्even, indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात) अव्यय
पप्रथानाspread out, expanded
पप्रथाना:
Karma (विशेषण)
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Root√प्रथ् (विस्तारे) → पप्रथान (कृदन्त/भूतकृत्) ; स्त्री. बहु. प्रथमा
सुदासःof Sudās
सुदासः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootसुदास (प्रातिपदिक) [सु- + दास]
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गाधानिfords, shallow crossings
गाधानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाध (प्रातिपदिक) < √गाह्/√गाध् (अवगाहने/प्रवेशे)
अकृणोत्made
अकृणोत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे)
सुपाराःeasy to cross, having good passage
सुपाराः:
Karma (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुपार (प्रातिपदिक) [सु- + पार]
शर्धन्तम्the hostile/pressing one; the attacking (foe)
शर्धन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootशर्धन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < √शर्ध्/√शृध् (हिंसागर्वयोः/उत्साहे) ‘शर्ध’ = शत्रु-समूह/बल
शिम्युम्Śimyu (enemy leader/tribe)
शिम्युम्:
Karma (अपि शर्धन्तम् इत्यस्य विशेष्यः)
TypeNoun (Proper/tribal name)
Rootशिम्यु (प्रातिपदिक) (ऋग्वैदिकः शत्रुनाम/जननाम)
उचथस्यof the hymn/chant
उचथस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootउचथ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘स्तुति/उक्थ’
नव्यःnew, fresh (in might/aid)
नव्यः:
Kartā (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootनव्य (प्रातिपदिक) < नव
शापम्curse, ban
शापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशाप (प्रातिपदिक)
सिन्धूनाम्of the rivers
सिन्धूनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
अकृणोत्made, imposed
अकृणोत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे)
अशस्तीःreproaches, disgraces
अशस्तीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअशस्ति (प्रातिपदिक) [अ- + शस्ति] < √शंस् (स्तुतौ) ; ‘निन्दा/अपकीर्ति’
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