Rig Veda 6.48.18: Mandala 6, Sukta 48, Mantra 18
Sukta 6.48
Rishi: Bharadvāja
Devata: Pūṣan (friendship and safe companionship; closing protective wish)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दृतेरिव तेऽवृकमस्तु सख्यम् । अच्छिद्रस्य दधन्वतः सुपूर्णस्य दधन्वतः ॥
Transliteration
dṛtéḥ iva te ’vṛkám astu sakhyám | ácchidrasya dadhanvatáḥ supū́rṇasya dadhanvatáḥ ||
Translation
ขอให้มิตรภาพของท่านเป็นดังมิตรภาพของผู้มั่นคง—ไม่ขาดสะบั้น และปลอดจากหมาป่า; ขอให้ความเป็นสหายอันแน่นแฟ้นของผู้ทรงไว้ซึ่ง “สิ่งที่ไม่ถูกเจาะทะลุ” และผู้ทรงไว้ซึ่ง “สิ่งที่เต็มเปี่ยม” คุ้มครองการเดินทางเถิด
Word by Word
दृतेःof a cleft / of a fissure
दृतेः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) / उपमान-निर्देश
TypeNoun
Rootदृत (प्रातिपदिक; √दॄ/√दृ ‘to split, cleave’ → ‘cleft, fissure, gap’)
इवlike, as
इव:
उपमान (simile-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
तेof you / your
ते:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अवृकम्wolf-less; free from wolves (i.e., free from harm)
अवृकम्:
विशेषण (of सख्यम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृक (प्रातिपदिक ‘wolf’); नञ्-समास/अ-प्रत्यय ‘a-’
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
विधेय (copula/optative wish)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू-सत्तायाम्)
सख्यम्friendship, alliance
सख्यम्:
कर्तृ/विषय (subject of अस्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक; सखि ‘friend’ + य)
अच्छिद्रस्यof the unbroken / flawless
अच्छिद्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootछिद्र (प्रातिपदिक ‘hole, flaw’) with privative अ-
दधन्वतःof the bow-bearing one
दधन्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective (possessive)
Rootधन्वत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘having धन्वन्/धनुष्’; ‘armed with bow’, ‘bow-bearing’)
सुपूर्णस्यof the well-filled / completely full
सुपूर्णस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक ‘full’) with सु-
दधन्वतःof the bow-bearing one
दधन्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier; repeated for emphasis)
TypeAdjective (possessive)
Rootधन्वत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘bow-bearing’)
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