Rig Veda 5.66.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 66, Mantra 1
Sukta 5.66
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa with emphasis on Varuṇa as ṛta-peśas
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ चिकितान सुक्रतू देवौ मर्त रिशादसा । वरुणाय ऋतपेशसे दधीत प्रयसे महे ॥
Transliteration
ā́ cikitāna sukrátū deváu marta riśā́dasā | váruṇāya ṛtápeśase dadhītá práyase mahé ||
Translation
จงตื่นสู่ความรู้เถิด โอ้เทพผู้มีเจตจำนงอันสมบูรณ์—มิตรและวรุณะ ผู้ทำลายความร้าย. โอ้มนุษย์เอ๋ย จงตั้งเครื่องบูชาแด่วรุณะ ผู้มีรูปเป็น ṛta (ระเบียบอันเที่ยงธรรมแห่งจักรวาล) เพื่อแรงผลักดันอันยิ่งใหญ่ให้ก้าวไปข้างหน้า.
Word by Word
आhither, towards (preverb: ‘to/near’)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
चिकितान(you) who know / have perceived
चिकितान:
Kartā (implied subject: the addressed deity) / also adjectival epithet
TypeVerb
Root√चित् (cít) ‘to perceive/notice/understand’
सुक्रतूO good-minded/strong-willed one
सुक्रतू:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + क्रतु (prātipadika: ‘good’ + ‘resolve/strength/ritual power’)
देवौthe two gods
देवौ:
Kartā (subject: the two gods)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
मर्तO mortal
मर्त:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (prātipadika: ‘mortal’)
रिशादसाharm-destroying (two)
रिशादसा:
Kartā (as epithet of the subject देवौ)
TypeAdjective
Rootरिशा-दस् (prātipadika; ‘harm-injuring/devouring’: रिशा ‘harm’ + दस् ‘to bite/devour’ as possessive compound)
वरुणायfor Varuṇa
वरुणाय:
Sampradāna (recipient/for) / purpose-dative
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (prātipadika)
ऋतपेशसेto the ṛta-adorned (Varuṇa)
ऋतपेशसे:
Sampradāna (as epithet in dative with वरुणाय)
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-पेशस् (prātipadika; ‘whose adornment/form is ṛta’: ऋत ‘cosmic order’ + पेशस् ‘form/ornament’)
दधीतmay (he) place/establish
दधीत:
Kriyā (main verb: ‘may he/one place/establish’)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (dhā) ‘to place/put; to establish’
प्रयसेfor refreshment/vigor
प्रयसे:
Sampradāna / purpose-dative (for refreshment/vigor)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयस् (prātipadika: ‘refreshment, vigor, nourishment, enjoyment’)
महेgreat
महे:
Sampradāna (as qualifier in dative)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (prātipadika: ‘great’)
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