Rig Veda 5.52.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 52, Mantra 1
Sukta 5.52
Rishi: Śyāvāśva (as addressed; hymn in Śyāvāśva Ātreya cycle is traditional for Maruts in Mandala 5)
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; Marut hymns commonly Triṣṭubh and the verse length fits)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र श्यावाश्व धृष्णुयार्चा मरुद्भिॠक्वभिः । ये अद्रोघमनुष्वधं श्रवो मदन्ति यज्ञियाः ॥
Transliteration
prá śyā́vāśva dhṛ́ṣṇu-yā́rcā marúdbhir ṛ́kvabhiḥ | yé adrógham ánusvadhaṃ śrávo mádanti yajñíyāḥ ||
Translation
โอ้ Śyāvāśva จงขับสรรเสริญด้วยพลังอันห้าวหาญแด่เหล่า Marut พร้อมด้วยผู้ขับถ้อยคำศักดิ์สิทธิ์; ผู้ควรแก่เครื่องบูชานั้นยินดีในเกียรติยศที่ไร้การทรยศ และรื่นรมย์ในความหวานตามธรรมชาติแห่งฤทธิ์เดชของตน.
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
श्यावाश्वO Śyāvāśva
श्यावाश्व:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (proper name/vocative epithet)
Rootश्यावाश्व (प्रातिपदिक; श्याव- ‘dark’ + अश्व ‘horse’)
धृष्णुयाboldly, impetuously
धृष्णुया:
Karaṇa (manner)
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootधृष्णु (adj. ‘bold, impetuous’)
अर्चाsing/praise!
अर्चा:
(predicate; addressed to the singer)
TypeVerb
Rootअर्च्
मरुद्भिःwith the Maruts
मरुद्भिः:
Saha/Karaṇa (association: ‘with/by the Maruts’)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
ऋक्वभिःwith the hymn-singers/chanters
ऋक्वभिः:
Saha/Karaṇa (association)
TypeNoun
Rootऋक्वन् (adj./noun ‘hymn-singer, praiser’)
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
अद्रोघम्without malice, harmlessly
अद्रोघम्:
Karaṇa (manner) / Kriyāviśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्रोघ (a- + द्रोघ ‘harm, deceit’)
अनुष्वधम्according to their own will/impulse; in due course
अनुष्वधम्:
Adhikaraṇa (manner) / Kriyāviśeṣaṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु-स्वधम् (avyaya; अनु + स्वधा)
श्रवःfame, renown
श्रवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस्
मदन्तिthey rejoice in / exult
मदन्ति:
(predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootमद्
यज्ञियाःthe sacrifice-worthy (ones)
यज्ञियाः:
Kartā (apposition to ये = Maruts)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootयज्ञिय (adj. ‘worthy of sacrifice, sacrificial’)
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