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Rig Veda 5.31.11: Mandala 5, Sukta 31, Mantra 11

Sukta 5.31

Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Ātreya) (traditional for RV 5.31)
Devata: Indra (with solar imagery as exemplum of ordered force)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सूरश्चिद्रथं परितक्म्यायां पूर्वं करदुपरं जूजुवांसम् । भरच्चक्रमेतशः सं रिणाति पुरो दधत्सनिष्यति क्रतुं नः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.31.11
Transliteration

sū́raś cid ráthaṃ pári takmyāyāṃ pū́rvaṃ karad úparaṃ jūjuvā́ṃsam | bhárac cakrám étaśaḥ sáṃ riṇāti puró dádhat saniṣyati krátum naḥ ||

Translation

แม้สุริยะก็ยังเวียนรถศึกของตน: ทำทางเบื้องหน้าให้เกิดก่อน แล้วจึงทำทางที่สูงยิ่งขึ้น ขับเคลื่อนไปข้างหน้าไม่หยุด. เอตศะนำล้อมา ประกอบให้เข้ากันและให้หมุน; เมื่อวาง “ผู้นำหน้า” (พลังที่นำทาง) เขาจะชนะให้เราได้ซึ่งเจตจำนงแห่งความสำเร็จ (krátu).

Word by Word
सूरःthe Sun (Sūrya)
सूरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (प्रातिपदिक) < √सुर्/सूर् (दीप्तौ) (निरुक्त-परम्परा) अथवा नामधातु
चित्even, indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
परिaround, about
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तक्म्यायाम्in/at the wasting fever (takmā) (i.e., in the feverish condition)
तक्म्यायाम्:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootतक्म्या (प्रातिपदिक) < तक्मन् (ज्वर/रोग) (वेद.)
पूर्वम्the former/first (as before)
पूर्वम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
करत्made, did
करत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे)
उपरम्the later/upper (afterwards)
उपरम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootउपर (प्रातिपदिक)
जूजुवांसम्one who has been eagerly pursuing/pressing on; the zealous one
जूजुवांसम्:
कर्म
TypeParticiple
Root√जु (सेवने/प्रवृत्तौ) → जूजुवांस् (परिपूर्ण/अभ्यास-परिणत कृदन्त)
भरत्bears, carries
भरत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरणे)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
चक्रम्wheel
चक्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
एतशःEtaśa (the Sun’s steed)
एतशः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootएतश (प्रातिपदिक; सूर्याश्व-नाम)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
रिणातिsets in motion / drives / makes go
रिणाति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√री/√रि (गत्यर्थ/विच्छेद/प्रेरणे; वेद. प्रयोग) अथवा √ऋ (गत्यर्थ) (पाठभेदानुसार)
पुरःin front, forward
पुरः:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (अव्ययीभाव/अव्यय; ‘in front’)
दधत्placing, setting
दधत्:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√धा (धारणे/स्थापने)
सनिष्यतिwill win, will obtain
सनिष्यति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√सन् (लाभे/प्राप्तौ) (दे. ‘to win’)
क्रतुम्resolve, power of will; ritual intelligence
क्रतुम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / of us
नः:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
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