Rig Veda 4.53.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 53, Mantra 2

Sukta 4.53

Devata: Savitṛ

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दिवो धर्ता भुवनस्य प्रजापतिः पिशङ्गं द्रापिं प्रति मुञ्चते कविः । विचक्षणः प्रथयन्नापृणन्नुर्वजीजनत्सविता सुम्नमुक्थ्यम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.53.2

Transliteration

divó dhartā́ bhúvanasya prajā́patiḥ piśáṅgaṃ drā́piṃ práti muñcate kavíḥ | vi-cakṣaṇáḥ pratháyann āpr̥ṇánn urv ájījanat savitā́ sumnám ukthyàm ||

Translation

สวิตฤ (Savitṛ) ผู้ทรงค้ำจุนสวรรค์ ผู้เป็นปรชาปติ (Prajāpati) แห่งภาวะทั้งปวง เป็นกวีผู้หยั่งรู้ (kavi) ทรงปลดผ้าคลุมสีเหลืองอมน้ำตาลออกไว้เบื้องหน้า ผู้มีทัศนะอันแหลมคมทรงเปิดนิมิต แผ่ขยายและเติมเต็มห้วงอาณา แล้วให้กำเนิดความกว้างใหญ่ พระองค์ทรงบังเกิดศุภมงคลอันควรแก่บทสรรเสริญ—ความผาสุกแห่งอาตมัน

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Word by Word

• दिवः: of heaven
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ ‘स्वर्ग’)

• धर्ता: the supporter
• धर्ता: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: √धृ (धारणे) → कर्तृ-प्रत्यय -तृ (धर्तृ)

• भुवनस्य: of the world/creatures
• भुवनस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (√भू ‘to be’ + -अन) प्रातिपदिक

• प्रजापतिः: Prajāpati, lord of creatures
• प्रजापतिः: कर्तृ (apposition to धर्ता)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: प्रजा + पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• पिशङ्गम्: tawny, reddish-brown
• पिशङ्गम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पिशङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)

• द्रापिम्: a cloak/covering
• द्रापिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रापि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cloak/covering, mantle’)

• प्रति: towards, forth
• प्रति: (क्रियाविशेषण; direction toward)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/adverb)
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• मुञ्चते: releases, lets loose
• मुञ्चते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुच् (मोचने) + उपसर्ग प्रति (semantic)

• कविः: the seer
• कविः: कर्तृ (apposition to प्रजापतिः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक)

• विचक्षणः: clear-sighted
• विचक्षणः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विचक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथयन्: spreading, extending
• प्रथयन्: कर्तृ (सहायक-क्रिया/भाव)
• Type: Verbal participle (present active)
• Root: √प्रथ् (विस्तारे) → शतृ-प्रत्यय (प्रथयन्त्)

• आपृणन्: filling up
• आपृणन्: कर्तृ (सहायक-क्रिया/भाव)
• Type: Verbal participle (present active, Vedic)
• Root: √पॄ/पृण् (पूरणे) + आ- (उपसर्ग) → शतृ/शानच्-समकक्ष Vedic form (here: nom. sg. masc. participial)

• उर्व: the wide (space), the broad expanse
• उर्व: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उरु (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic acc. sg. ‘उर्व’)

• अजीजनत्: generated, produced
• अजीजनत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनने) with reduplication (अ-जी-जन-)

• सविता: Savitar (the impeller Sun-god)
• सविता: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुम्नम्: favor, grace
• सुम्नम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुम्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• उक्थ्यम्: praiseworthy, to be celebrated in hymns
• उक्थ्यम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उक्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘fit for/connected with hymn (uktha)’)