Rig Veda 4.18.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 18, Mantra 3

Sukta 4.18

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra (with Soma and Tvaṣṭṛ as supporting powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

परायतीं मातरमन्वचष्ट न नानु गान्यनु नू गमानि । त्वष्टुर्गृहे अपिबत्सोममिन्द्रः शतधन्यं चम्वोः सुतस्य ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.18.3

Transliteration

parāyátīṃ mātáram ánv acaṣṭa ná nā́nu gā́ni ánu nū́ gamāni | tváṣṭur gṛhé apibat sómam índraḥ śatá-dhanyaṃ camvóḥ sutásya ||

Translation

เขาเฝ้ามองมารดาผู้หนีไป แล้วกล่าวว่า “ไม่—ข้าจะไม่ตามไปตามรอยทางของคนทั้งหลาย; ข้าจะไม่ไปตามทางที่เคยไปกัน.” ในเรือนของทวษฏฤ (Tvaṣṭṛ) อินทระ (Indra) ได้ดื่มโสมะ (Soma)—เครื่องดื่มบูชาที่คั้นลงในถ้วย อุดมพรั่งพรูดุจทรัพย์ร้อยประการ.

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Word by Word

• परायतीम्: fleeing away / departing
• परायतीम्: कर्म (अन्वचष्टे इत्यस्य)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: परायती (√या + परा) (स्त्री. कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा परा-यत् (यत्-प्रातिपदिक)

• मातरम्: mother
• मातरम्: कर्म (अन्वचष्टे इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ

• अनु: after, along
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• अचष्ट: he observed / he looked at
• अचष्ट: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चक्ष् (चष्टे)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• नानु: nor after / not following
• नानु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न + अनु

• गानि: he went
• गानि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गा

• अनु: after
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• नु: now, indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु

• गमानि: he went
• गमानि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम्

• त्वष्टुः: of Tvaṣṭṛ
• त्वष्टुः: सम्बन्ध (गृहे इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: त्वष्टृ

• गृहे: in the house
• गृहे: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह

• अपिबत्: he drank
• अपिबत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा

• सोमम्: Soma
• सोमम्: कर्म (अपिबत् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र

• शतधन्यम्: hundredfold-rich / very bountiful
• शतधन्यम्: कर्म (अपिबत् इत्यस्य; विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शत-धन्य (धन्य)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चम्वोः: of/in the two ladles (cups)
• चम्वोः: सम्बन्ध/अधिकारण (सुतस्य इत्यस्य; ‘in/ from the two ladles’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमू

• सुतस्य: of the pressed (Soma)
• सुतस्य: सम्बन्ध (सोमस्य)
• Type: Participle (past passive) used as noun/adjective
• Root: √सु (सुत)