Rig Veda 4.16.14: Mandala 4, Sukta 16, Mantra 14

Sukta 4.16

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra (heroic power; here with solar/immortal radiance imagery)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सूर उपाके तन्वं दधानो वि यत्ते चेत्यमृतस्य वर्पः । मृगो न हस्ती तविषीमुषाणः सिंहो न भीम आयुधानि बिभ्रत् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.16.14

Transliteration

sū́ra upāké tanvàṃ dádhāno ví yát te céty amṛ́tasya várpaḥ | mṛgó na hastī́ taviṣī́m uṣāṇáḥ siṃhó na bhīmá āyúdhāni bábhrat ||

Translation

โอ้วีรบุรุษ เมื่อท่านทรงรับกายไว้ในที่ใกล้—เมื่อรัศมีอมตะของท่านปรากฏและแผ่ขยาย—ท่านรุกคืบด้วยพลัง ดุจสัตว์ป่า ดุจช้างผู้ทรงฤทธิ์; ดุจสิงห์อันน่าสะพรึง ท่านทรงอาวุธทั้งหลาย—พลังที่ทำลายเครื่องกีดขวาง

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Word by Word

• सूरः: the Sun (Sūrya)
• सूरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर (प्रातिपदिक) < √सुर्/√स्वर् (दीप्तौ) (व्युत्पत्त्यनुसार)

• उपाके: in/at the vicinity, near
• उपाके: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (locative) / Adjective used substantively
• Root: उपाक (प्रातिपदिक) < उप + अञ्च्/अक् (निकटार्थ) (निघण्टु-प्रयोग)

• तन्वम्: body, self, form
• तन्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनू (प्रातिपदिक)

• दधानः: bearing, putting on
• दधानः: Kartā
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: √धा (दधाति) (धारणे/स्थापने)

• वि: apart, forth, distinctly
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• यत्: which, what
• यत्: Karma (of ‘चेत्य’) / or subject of clause
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• ते: of you, your
• ते: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम)

• चेत्य: appears, becomes manifest
• चेत्य: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चित् (चेतति/चिन्तयति) (प्रकाशने/बोधने) — here as √चि/√चित् in sense ‘to appear/shine, be perceived’

• अमृतस्य: of immortality; of the deathless (essence)
• अमृतस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्पः: form, beauty, radiance
• वर्पः: Kartā (as subject of ‘चेत्य’) / or apposition to ‘यत्’
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्पस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मृगः: a wild beast, deer
• मृगः: Kartā (of implied comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-अव्यय)

• हस्ती: an elephant
• हस्ती: Kartā (in simile)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्तिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तविषीम्: strength, might
• तविषीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तविषी (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषाणः: burning, ardent, blazing
• उषाणः: Kartā (qualifier of subject) / or adjectival
• Type: Adjective/participle
• Root: √वस्/√उष् (उषति) (दीप्तौ/उष्णे/प्रकाशे) — वेदिक ‘उषाण’ = ‘उषन्’ प्रकारः, ‘burning/ardent’

• सिंहः: a lion
• सिंहः: Kartā (in simile)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-अव्यय)

• भीमः: terrible, fearsome
• भीमः: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)

• आयुधानि: weapons
• आयुधानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुध (प्रातिपदिक)

• बिभ्रत्: bearing, carrying
• बिभ्रत्: Kartā
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: √भृ (बिभर्ति) (धारणे)