Rig Veda 3.7.8 — Mandala 3, Sukta 7, Mantra 8
Sukta 3.7
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Agni (with the divine priest-powers; emphasis on ṛta)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दैव्या होतारा प्रथमा न्यृञ्जे सप्त पृक्षासः स्वधया मदन्ति । ऋतं शंसन्त ऋतमित्त आहुरनु व्रतं व्रतपा दीध्यानाः ॥
Transliteration
daivyā́ hótārā prathamā́ ny-ṛ́ñje saptá pṛkṣā́saḥ svadháyā madanti | ṛtáṃ śáṃsanta ṛtám ít tá āhuḥ ánu vratáṃ vratapā́ dīdhyānāḥ ||
Translation
โหตาร (Hotar) ผู้เป็นทิพย์ทั้งสองประทับนั่งก่อนเป็นปฐม; พลังหล่อเลี้ยงทั้งเจ็ดเริงร่าในสวธา (svadhā) ของตน. เขาทั้งหลายประกาศ ṛta และกล่าวว่า ṛta เท่านั้น; เป็นผู้พิทักษ์กฎ (vrata) ผู้รักษาปฏิญาณ (vratapa) ลุกโชติช่วงด้วยความคิดตามทางแห่งคำสัตย์
Word by Word
दैव्यौthe two divine (ones)
दैव्यौ:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव्य (देव- < दिव् ‘to shine’, prātipadika ‘divine’)
होतारौtwo Hotṛ-priests / invokers
होतारौ:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (√हु ‘to sacrifice/offer’, agent noun)
प्रथमौthe first (two)
प्रथमौ:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (ordinal adjective)
निdown, into; (prefix)
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (upasarga)
अृञ्जेI anoint/adorn (myself / for myself)
अृञ्जे:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√अञ्ज्/अृञ्ज् ‘to anoint, adorn’ (Vedic present)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त (numeral)
पृक्षासःthe seven mixtures/draughts
पृक्षासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपृक्षा (prātipadika; Vedic ‘mixture/refreshing drink’, often of soma/milk; from √पृच् ‘to mix’)
स्वधयाby svadhā / by their own power
स्वधया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधा (prātipadika; ‘own power/impulse; ritual nourishment’)
मदन्तिthey rejoice/are exhilarated
मदन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√मद् ‘to be exhilarated, rejoice’
ऋतम्ṛta (truth/order)
ऋतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (prātipadika ‘cosmic order, truth’)
शंसन्तthey proclaim/praise
शंसन्त:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√शंस् ‘to praise, proclaim’
ऋतम्ṛta
ऋतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋत
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (particle)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (pronoun)
आहुःthey have said / they say
आहुः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√अह्/√ब्रू (Vedic perfect of √अह् ‘to say’)
अनुafter, according to
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (upasarga/avyaya)
व्रतम्the ordinance
व्रतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (prātipadika ‘vow, ordinance, fixed rule’)
व्रतपाःguardians/observers of the ordinance
व्रतपाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootव्रतपा (compound: व्रत + √पा ‘to protect/observe’)
दीध्यानाःmeditating, intent (in thought)
दीध्यानाः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√ध्यै/√धी (intensive/iterative ‘to think, meditate’; Vedic participle)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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