Rig Veda 3.57.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 57, Mantra 4

Sukta 3.57

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Rodasī (Heaven-and-Earth) / sacrificial powers (soma-pressing implied)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify metrically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अच्छा विवक्मि रोदसी सुमेके ग्राव्णो युजानो अध्वरे मनीषा । इमा उ ते मनवे भूरिवारा ऊर्ध्वा भवन्ति दर्शता यजत्राः ॥

Transliteration

ácchā vivakmi ródasī suméke grā́vṇo yujānó adhvaré manīṣā́ | imā́ u te mánave bhū́rivārā ūrdhvā́ bhavanti darśatā́ yajatrā́ḥ ||

Translation

ข้าพเจ้ากล่าวถ้อยคำนี้ไปยังฟ้ากับดิน (Rodasī) ผู้ตั้งมั่นดี—ด้วยความคิดอันดลใจ (manīṣā) ผูกเทียมหินคั้นโสม (grāvan) ในพิธีบูชา (adhvara). สิ่งเหล่านี้เพื่อท่าน โอ มนุ (Manu ผู้ใคร่ครวญ) อุดมด้วยของประทานอันพึงปรารถนา ยกตนขึ้นสู่เบื้องบน—ปรากฏให้เห็น และควรแก่การถวาย (yajatra).

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Word by Word

• अच्छा: towards, hither
• अच्छा: Adhikaraṇa (दिशा/प्रवृत्ति-निर्देश) / उपसर्गार्थ
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अञ्च् (गत्यर्थ) / अव्यय ‘अच्छा’

• विवक्मि: I speak forth, I proclaim
• विवक्मि: Kartā (अहं) — वचनक्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (वदने) + वि-

• रोदसी: Heaven and Earth (the two worlds)
• रोदसी: Karma (स्तुत्य/उद्देश्य) — ‘I address/praise Heaven and Earth’
• Type: Noun (dual) / Devatā-name
• Root: रोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; द्यावापृथिव्यौ)

• सु-मेके: well-fixed, firmly set (two)
• सु-मेके: Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मेका/मेक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्तम्भ/आधार/स्थिर’ इत्यर्थे, वेदिक) + सु-

• ग्राव्णः: of the pressing-stone
• ग्राव्णः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the press-stone’
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रावन् (प्रातिपदिक; सोमपेषण-शिला ‘press-stone’)

• युजानः: yoking, harnessing, engaging
• युजानः: Kartā (विवक्मि-कर्तृ-विशेषण) — ‘while yoking/engaging’
• Type: Participle
• Root: युज् (योजने)

• अध्वरे: in the rite, in the sacrifice
• अध्वरे: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/अवसर) — ‘in the sacrifice’
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक; यज्ञ)

• मनीषा: with inspired thought, with insight
• मनीषा: Karaṇa — ‘by/with inspired thought’
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनीषा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘बुद्धि/प्रज्ञा/कवित्व’)

• इमाः: these
• इमाः: Kartā (भवन्ति-कर्तृ) — ‘these (things)’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उ: indeed, and
• उ: — (सम्बोधन/अन्वय-बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• ते: your, thy
• ते: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘thy’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• मनवे: for Manu
• मनवे: Sampradāna — ‘for Manu’
• Type: Noun (proper) / Devatā-ancestor
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘Manu’)

• भूरि-वाराः: rich in gifts/boons
• भूरि-वाराः: Kartā (विशेषण) — ‘abounding in boons’
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: भूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण ‘much’) + वार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘choice/gift/boon’ वेदिक)

• ऊर्ध्वाः: upright, rising
• ऊर्ध्वाः: Kartā (विशेषण) — ‘raised/upward’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• भवन्ति: become, come to be
• भवन्ति: — (अकर्मक; कर्तृ = इमाः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (सत्तायाम्)

• दर्शताः: splendid, worthy to be seen
• दर्शताः: Kartā (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दर्शत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘visible, splendid’)

• यजत्राः: worthy of worship, venerable
• यजत्राः: Kartā (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजत्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘worshipful, fit for sacrifice’) < यज्