Rig Veda 3.56.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 56, Mantra 1

Sukta 3.56

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (family attribution for Maṇḍala 3)

Devata: Dharmic/Ṛta-order of the gods (cosmic law) rather than a single personalized deity

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

न ता मिनन्ति मायिनो न धीरा व्रता देवानां प्रथमा ध्रुवाणि । न रोदसी अद्रुहा वेद्याभिर्न पर्वता निनमे तस्थिवांसः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 3.56.1

Transliteration

ná tā́ minanti māyíno ná dhīrā́ vratā́ devā́nām prathamā́ dhruvā́ṇi | ná rodasī́ adrúhā vedyā́bhir ná párvatā ni-náme tasthi-vā́ṃsaḥ ||

Translation

เหล่าปราชญ์ แม้เป็นผู้ครอบครองมายา (māyā) ก็ไม่ล่วงละเมิดวรตะ—กฎสาบานแรกเริ่มอันมั่นคงของเหล่าเทพ. สองโลก (ฟ้าและดิน) ผู้ไม่ทรยศต่อสัจจะ ย่อมไม่ถูกบิดงอด้วยการกระทำของเขา; และภูผาผู้ตั้งมั่นก็ไม่ถูกทำให้ก้มลง.

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ताः: those (f.)
• ताः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• मिनन्ति: they diminish / harm
• मिनन्ति: Karma (with implied object) / verbal action
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मि (मिनाति) / √मि॒न्

• मायिनः: the crafty / possessors of māyā
• मायिनः: Kartā (apposition to subject) / qualifier
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: मायिन् (माया + इन्)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• धीराः: the steadfast / wise
• धीराः: Kartā (apposition/parallel subject)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: धीरा

• व्रता: vows / ordinances
• व्रता: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• प्रथमा: foremost / first
• प्रथमा: Karma (qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम

• ध्रुवाणि: firm / fixed
• ध्रुवाणि: Karma (qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ध्रुव

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• रोदसी: the two worlds (Heaven and Earth)
• रोदसी: Kartā
• Type: Noun (dual) / fixed Vedic pair
• Root: रोदसी (द्यावापृथिव्यौ)

• अद्रुहा: non-injuring / not treacherous
• अद्रुहा: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-द्रुह (द्रुह् ‘to injure’ + अ-)

• वेद्याभिः: by/with (their) known/recognizable (powers/ways)
• वेद्याभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective (instrumental plural form used adverbially)
• Root: वेद्या (√विद् ‘to know’ → वेद्य ‘to be known/recognized’)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• पर्वताः: mountains
• पर्वताः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत

• निनमे: bowed down / inclined
• निनमे: verbal action (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नम्

• तस्थिवांसः: standing firm / having stood
• तस्थिवांसः: Kartā (apposition to पर्वताः)
• Type: Participle (perfect active) used as noun/adjective
• Root: √स्था (कृदन्त: तस्थिवांस्)