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Rig Veda 3.5.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 5, Mantra 4

Sukta 3.5

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attribution for RV 3.5)
Devata: Agni identified with Mitra/Varuṇa functions
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मित्रो अग्निर्भवति यत्समिद्धो मित्रो होता वरुणो जातवेदाः । मित्रो अध्वर्युरिषिरो दमूना मित्रः सिन्धूनामुत पर्वतानाम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 3.5.4
Transliteration

mitró agnír bhavati yát samiddhó mitró hotā́ váruṇo jātávedāḥ | mitró adhvaryúr iṣiró damū́nā mitráḥ síndhūnām utá párvatānām ||

Translation

เมื่ออัคนีถูกจุด เขาก็เป็นมิตร (Mitra); เป็นมิตรในฐานะโหตฤ (Hotṛ); เป็นวรุณะ (Varuṇa) ในฐานะชาตเวทัส (Jātavedas). เป็นมิตรในฐานะอัธวรรยุ (Adhvaryu)—ว่องไว เป็นนายเรือน (damūnā); มิตรแห่งสายน้ำทั้งหลาย และมิตรแห่งภูผาทั้งหลายด้วย.

Word by Word
मित्रःMitra (the deity / friendly one)
मित्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
भवतिbecomes / is
भवति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भू
यत्when / inasmuch as
यत्:
अधिकरण/सम्बन्ध (यदा-तदा सम्बन्ध)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
समिद्धःkindled, enkindled
समिद्धः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Rootसम्-√इन्ध् (कृदन्त: क्त)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
होताHotṛ (invoking priest)
होता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; RV रूप: होता)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
जातवेदाःJātavedas (Agni, ‘knower of births/creatures’)
जातवेदाः:
कर्तृ (अग्नेः विशेषण/नाम)
TypeNoun/epithet
Rootजातवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अध्वर्युःAdhvaryu (officiating priest)
अध्वर्युः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootअध्वर्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
इषिरःvigorous, impetuous
इषिरः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootइषिर (प्रातिपदिक)
दमूनाhouse-abiding, domestic (staying in the house)
दमूना:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootदमून (प्रातिपदिक; RV विशेषण)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सिन्धूनाम्of the rivers
सिन्धूनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात/अव्यय)
पर्वतानाम्of the mountains
पर्वतानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
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