Rig Veda 3.42.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 42, Mantra 2
Sukta 3.42
Rishi: Gāthin Viśvāmitra (traditional; verify Anukramaṇī)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमिन्द्र मदमा गहि बर्हिःष्ठां ग्रावभिः सुतम् । कुविन्न्वस्य तृप्णवः ॥
Transliteration
tám índra mádam ā́ gahi bárhiṣṭhāṃ grā́vabhiḥ sutám | kúvin nv asyá tṛṣṇávaḥ ||
Translation
เสด็จมาเถิด โอ้ อินทรา สู่ความปีติเมามายอันนั้น; สู่โสมะที่คั้นด้วยศิลาและตั้งไว้บนที่นั่งบัรหิส (barhis). โสมะนี้จะไม่ทำให้ความกระหายของท่านอิ่มเอมหรือ—การแสวงหาในท่านจะไม่บรรลุผลที่นี่หรือ?
Word by Word
तम्him / that one
तम्:
कर्म (आह्वानस्य/गमनस्य लक्ष्यः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
मदम्to/for exhilaration, intoxication (soma-rapture)
मदम्:
कर्म (गमनस्य/आगमनस्य हेतु-लक्ष्यः; ‘मदं’ = ‘मदाय’ इत्यर्थे वैदिक-प्रयोगः)
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक)
आhither, towards (here)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
गहिcome!
गहि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
बर्हिष्ठाम्to the best/loftiest (barhis), to the most excellent sacred grass-seat
बर्हिष्ठाम्:
कर्म (गमनस्य लक्ष्य-स्थानम्)
TypeAdjective (superlative) / Noun-epithet
Rootबर्हिष् + -तम (श्रेष्ठार्थक-प्रत्यय)
ग्रावभिःwith the pressing-stones
ग्रावभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootग्रावन् (प्रातिपदिक)
सुतम्the pressed (soma)
सुतम्:
कर्म (पान/आस्वादनस्य; सोमः)
TypeParticiple / Adjective used substantively
Rootसु (धातु ‘to press’) → सुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
कुवित्whether indeed? perhaps?
कुवित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकु + वित् (निपात-समास; वैदिक)
नुnow, indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
अस्यof him / of this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तृप्णवःsatisfiers, those who satiate (him)
तृप्णवः:
कर्तृ (वाक्ये निहित-क्रियायाः ‘भवन्ति/सन्ति’)
TypeAdjective (agentive) / Noun
Rootतृप् (धातु ‘to be satisfied’) → तृप्णु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, -nu-प्रत्यय)
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