Rig Veda 3.40.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 40, Mantra 1
Sukta 3.40
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्र त्वा वृषभं वयं सुते सोमे हवामहे । स पाहि मध्वो अन्धसः ॥
Transliteration
índra tvā vṛṣabháṁ vayáṁ suté sóme havāmahe | sá pāhi mádhvo ándhasaḥ ||
Translation
อินทราเอ๋ย เราทั้งหลายขอเชิญพระองค์ ผู้ทรงพลังดุจพฤษภ ในโสมะ (Soma) ที่คั้นแล้ว ขอพระองค์ทรงพิทักษ์และทรงหล่อเลี้ยงความหวานแห่งแก่นสาร (madhu, andhas) นี้ไว้ภายในเรา
Word by Word
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन (आह्वान)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (हवामहे इति)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृषभम्the bull (mighty one)
वृषभम्:
कर्म (त्वा इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ (हवामहे इति)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुते
सुते:
TypeNoun (locative of kṛdanta used substantively)
Rootसु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
सोमेin the pressed Soma
सोमे:
अधिकरण (यत्र/यस्मिन्)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
हवामहेwe invoke / call
हवामहे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootह्वे (धातु; वैदिक रूप: हव्/ह्वा)
सःhe (that one = Indra)
सः:
कर्तृ (पाहि इति)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पाहिprotect
पाहि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootपा (धातु; ‘to protect’)
मध्वःof sweetness / of honey
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (अन्धसः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्धसःof the Soma-juice (pressed draught)
अन्धसः:
अपादान/हेतु (यतः रक्षणम्—‘from’ implied) / सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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