Rig Veda 3.36.6: Mandala 3, Sukta 36, Mantra 6

Sukta 3.36

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina.

Devata: Indra (Soma as empowering substance).

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र यत्सिन्धवः प्रसवं यथायन्नापः समुद्रं रथ्येव जग्मुः । अतश्चिदिन्द्रः सदसो वरीयान्यदीं सोमः पृणति दुग्धो अंशुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.36.6

Transliteration

prá yát síndhavaḥ pra-saváṃ yáthā́yan ā́paḥ samudráṃ rathyèva jagmúḥ | atáś cid índraḥ sádaso várīyān yád īṃ sómaḥ pṛṇáti dúgdhó aṃśúḥ ||

Translation

เมื่อสายน้ำทั้งหลาย—เหล่าแม่น้ำ—ออกไปตามแรงเร่งแห่งกระแส และบรรดาน้ำเดินทางสู่มหาสมุทรดุจรถศึกบนทาง—แม้ด้วยเหตุนี้เอง อินทระก็ยิ่งกว้างใหญ่กว่าสภา; เมื่อโสมะ (Soma) อันถูกคั้นแล้ว—ก้านสว่าง (aṃśu)—หลั่งเติมเต็มพระองค์.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• यत्: which, that (relative)
• यत्: Karma (of यथायन्) / correl. to तत्
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma)

• सिन्धवः: rivers
• सिन्धवः: Kartā (of यथायन्) / (also of जग्मुः by sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु

• प्रसवम्: impulse, onward flow; (here) the outflow/setting-in-motion
• प्रसवम्: Karma (goal/object with यथायन्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसव

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• आयन्: they went, they moved
• आयन्: Kriyā (with Kartā = सिन्धवः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)

• आपः: waters
• आपः: Kartā (of जग्मुः) (apposition to सिन्धवः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्

• समुद्रम्: ocean, sea
• समुद्रम्: Karma / destination (of जग्मुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र

• रथ्ये: on the road, in the roadway
• रथ्ये: Adhikaraṇa (locus of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ्य

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• जग्मुः: they have gone, they went
• जग्मुः: Kriyā (with Kartā = आपः/सिन्धवः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्

• अतः: therefore, from that
• अतः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतः

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित्

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā (of implied ‘is/was’ with वरीयान्)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र

• सदसः: from/than the seat, assembly, session
• सदसः: Apādāna (standard of comparison: ‘than the seat/session’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सदस्

• वरीयान्: wider, more expansive, greater
• वरीयान्: Predicative (to इन्द्रः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरीयस् (comparative of उरु/वर् ‘wide, broad’)

• यदा: when
• यदा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• ईम्: him (thereupon), him indeed
• ईम्: Karma (of पृणति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईम्

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā (of पृणति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम

• पृणति: fills, satisfies
• पृणति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ (पृणाति)

• दुग्धः: milked, drawn (out)
• दुग्धः: Viśeṣaṇa (of अंशुः / of सोमः by apposition)
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: दुह् (PPP दुग्ध)

• अंशुः: Soma-stalk; ray; (here) the pressed Soma-stalk/juice
• अंशुः: Kartā (appositional to सोमः) / agent of filling by sense
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशु