Rig Veda 3.33.12: Mandala 3, Sukta 33, Mantra 12

Sukta 3.33

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Rivers (as granting sumati and abundance of flow)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अतारिषुर्भरता गव्यवः समभक्त विप्रः सुमतिं नदीनाम् । प्र पिन्वध्वमिषयन्तीः सुराधा आ वक्षणाः पृणध्वं यात शीभम् ॥

Transliteration

atā́riṣur bharatā́ gavyávaḥ sám abhakta vípraḥ su-matíṃ nadī́nām | prá pinvadhvam iṣáyantīḥ su-rā́dhā ā́ vakṣaṇā́ḥ pṛṇádhvaṃ yā́ta śī́bham ||

Translation

ชาวภารตะผู้แสวงหารัศมีได้ข้ามแล้ว; ฤษีผู้รู้ได้บรรลุความกลมกลืนอันกรุณาของสายน้ำทั้งหลาย โอ้ธารผู้สำเร็จดีทั้งหลาย จงพองตัวไหลบ่า ถูกเร่งเร้าด้วยแรงผลักดัน; จงเติมเต็มอ้อมอกของตน แล้วเคลื่อนไปโดยฉับไว

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Word by Word

• अतारिषुः: they crossed over
• अतारिषुः: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तॄ (तरणे)

• भरताः: the Bharatas
• भरताः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक; जन/कुल-नाम)

• गव्यवः: seeking cattle / cattle-winning
• गव्यवः: कर्तृ (भरताः का विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: गव्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cattle-seeking’)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: (क्रियाविशेषक)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / Upasarga
• Root: सम्

• अभक्त: he apportioned / he assigned
• अभक्त: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भज् (विभागे/भागे)

• विप्रः: the inspired sage
• विप्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुमतिम्: good counsel / good intention
• सुमतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु- + मति (प्रातिपदिक)

• नदीनाम्: of the rivers
• नदीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: (क्रियाविशेषक)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / Upasarga
• Root: प्र

• पिन्वध्वम्: impel / swell (you all)!
• पिन्वध्वम्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पिव्/√पिन् (पिन्व्) (वर्धने/प्रेरणे)

• इषयन्तीः: (them) impelling / urging
• इषयन्तीः: कर्म (पिन्वध्वम् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Participle (present active, causative) used adjectivally
• Root: इषयन्ती (कृदन्त; √इष् ‘इच्छा/प्रेरणा’ से caus. इषय-)

• सुराधाः: well-bounteous / of good gifts
• सुराधाः: कर्तृ (नद्यः का विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सु- + राधा (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: (क्रियाविशेषक)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / Upasarga
• Root: आ

• वक्षणाः: the streams / the flowing ones
• वक्षणाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वक्षणा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘stream/flow’, RV usage)

• पृणध्वम्: fill (yourselves) / become full!
• पृणध्वम्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पॄ (पूरणे)

• यात: go!
• यात: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (गतौ)

• शीभम्: swiftly / with speed
• शीभम्: क्रियाविशेषण (गत्यर्थे)
• Type: Noun (adverbial accusative)
• Root: शीभ (प्रातिपदिक)