Rig Veda 2.34.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 34, Mantra 3

Sukta 2.34

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उक्षन्ते अश्वाँ अत्याँ इवाजिषु नदस्य कर्णैस्तुरयन्त आशुभिः । हिरण्यशिप्रा मरुतो दविध्वतः पृक्षं याथ पृषतीभिः समन्यवः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.34.3

Transliteration

ukṣánte aśvā́n atyā́n ivā́jiṣu nadásya kárṇais turayanta āśúbhiḥ | híraṇya-śiprā maruto dáv idhvataḥ pṛkṣáṃ yātha pṛ́ṣatībhiḥ sa-manyavaḥ ||

Translation

พวกเขากระตุ้นม้าของตนดุจนักแข่งในสนามประลอง; ด้วยหูแห่งเสียงคำราม พวกเขาขับเคลื่อนด้วยพลังอันฉับไว. โอมารุตผู้มีกรามทอง ผู้สั่นสะเทือนด้วยฤทธิ์เดช ท่านทรงม้าแต้มลาย ทั้งเจตจำนงและความฮึกเหิมเป็นหนึ่งเดียวกัน.

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Word by Word

• उक्षन्ते: they sprinkle/they pour forth
• उक्षन्ते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उक्ष् (वर्षणे/सिञ्चने)

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अत्यान्: swift steeds
• अत्यान्: कर्म (अश्वान् इति विशेषण/समन्वयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift/steed’)

• इव: like
• इव: (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• अजिषु: in races/contests
• अजिषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अजि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘race/contest’)

• नदस्य: of the roaring (one)
• नदस्य: सम्बन्ध (कर्णैः इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नद (प्रातिपदिक; ‘roar/stream’)

• कर्णैः: with (their) ears
• कर्णैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• तुरयन्ते: they hasten/they speed on
• तुरयन्ते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुर् (शीघ्रीकरणे/प्रेरणे)

• आशुभिः: with the swift (ones)/swiftly
• आशुभिः: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आशु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift’)

• हिरण्यशिप्राः: golden-jawed
• हिरण्यशिप्राः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्य-शिप्र (बहुव्रीहि-प्रातिपदिक; ‘golden-jawed/with golden cheek-pieces’)

• मरुतः: the Maruts
• मरुतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दविध्वतः: shaking/brandishing (their weapons)
• दविध्वतः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: दविध्वत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; intensive/iterative sense from √धू/धुन् ‘to shake’ as used in RV: ‘shaking, brandishing’)

• पृक्षम्: refreshment/sprinkling (draught)
• पृक्षम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sprinkling/mixture; refreshment’ RV usage)

• याथ: you have gone/you go
• याथ: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गत्यर्थे)

• पृषतीभिः: with the spotted (does/mares)
• पृषतीभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषती (प्रातिपदिक; ‘spotted doe/antelope’; also ‘spotted mares’ in RV imagery)

• समन्यवः: of one accord in fury/with united ardor
• समन्यवः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समन्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having the same wrath/impulse’; bahuvrīhi)